Dypsis catatiana
Dypsis (DIP-sis) catatiana (kah-taht-ee-AHN-ah) | |||||||
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QLD. Australia, photo by Utopia Palms & Cycads. | |||||||
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Contents
Habitat and Distribution
Endemic to Northeast and East Madagascar, between Tsaratanana and Andohahela. Lowland to montane rain forests to bamboo forest, slight to steep mid slope; alt. (150-) 450-1900 m.Description
Solitary small or dwarf palm (Schatz et al. 1694 is described as colony-forming, to 1.5 m; Perrier 12026 and 15985 are said to be clustering). STEM 0.2-1 m high, 4-9 mm in diam.; internodes 0.5-3 cm, dark green, often with a vertical pale green stripe; nodal scars 0.1-0.2 cm. LEAVES 4-10 in the crown, porrect to spreading; sheath 3-8 cm long, the outermost often open for about 50 %, pale green with minute brown or reddish scales, in young leaves with clear triangular ligules 3-6 mm long on each side of the petiole; petiole absent or to 5 cm long, 1.5- 2.5 mm in diam., slightly channelled adaxially; lamina entire or with (2-) 3-5 (-7) pairs of flat leaflets, shiny medium green, slightly paler on the abaxial surface, young leaves reddish; when entire shortly bifid, 14-32 cm long, the midrib 10-22 cm long, the lobes 5-12 x 2-5 cm, with 10-16 main veins, the base peduncle, 2.5-4 mm wide, opening only at the apex, pale brown cuneate, the apices truncate and dentate, 5-15 mm wide, and den with scattered scales; peduncular bract inserted at 4-14 from the base tate on the outside bend, with lines of small reddish and whitish of the peduncle, 3-9 cm long, 2.5-4 mm wide, opening only near scales on the abaxial midrib and veins; when pinnately divided the the apex, pale brown with scattered scales; second peduncular rachis 9-24 cm long with scattered reddish scales, the individual bract often present as a tiny, 1.5-4 mm long, briefly tubular bract leaflets flat and at intervals of 1-4.5 cm, the proximal 4-16 (-21) x situated just above the apex of the first peduncular bract; rachilla 0.5-3 cm and connate for 2-6 cm, the median 8-21 x 0.5-3.5 cm and 2-14 cm long, 1-2 mm in diam., yellow-green to pale yellow, glabrous connate for 0.5-8 cm, both the proximal and the median sigmoid, or with dense minute scales all over, with 20-50 distant superficial with acuminate apices and 1-6 main veins, the distal leaflets 5-14 triads; flowers yellow-green.read more |
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STAMINATE FLOWERS with imbricate x 1.4-3 cm, connate for 2-6 cm, with 5-6 main veins and the sepals 0.7-1 (-1.8) x 0.6-1 mm, keeled, with membranous margins; apices dentate on the outside bend, all leaflets with small scales on receptacle to 0.8 mm high; petals valvate, 1-2 x 0.7-1.3 mm, ellip veins. INFLORESCENCE interfoliar, erect or spreading and then por- tic, acute, striate; stamens 6, biseriate, didymous, the filaments rect, unbranched (a single bifurcation seen once in Guillaumet 2161, connate for 0.2-0.4 mm, the antepetalous 0.2-0.5 (-0.8) mm long and Perrier 11998 and Humbert 6891), 9-38 cm long; peduncle 6-27 narrow, the antesepalous 0.2-0.3 mm and broad, anthers with cm long, 1-2 mm in diam., with dense minute scales but glabrescent; divergent locules, basifixed, 0.3-0.4 (-0.9) x 0.25-0.4 (-0.5) mm (with prophyll 5-15 cm long, borne at 3-6 cm above the base of the 2 sterile anthers in Jacquemin H572J; looking atrophied in JD6774); pistillode 0.2-0.3 mm. PISTILLATE FLOWERS with sepals imbricate, 0.8-1.3 x 0.6-1.3 mm, concave, keeled, non-ciliolate; petals proximally imbricate and membranous, distally valvate and fleshy, 1.2-1.8 x 0.9-1.5 mm, concave, elliptic, acute, striate; once (in Schatz 1694, a single flower) with a second series of smaller petals inside the outer series, 1.2 mm long; staminodes 6, 0.2-0.4 mm high, from thin to broad and tooth-shaped; ovary 0.8-1.4 x 0.8-1.3 mm, with a low pyramidal stigmatic bump. FRUIT deep shiny red, ellipsoid with a slightly pointed apex, 10-15 x 5-9.5 mm; mesocarp about 2 mm thick, fleshy; endocarp with 22-30 free longitudinal fibres. SEED 8.5-10 x 4-5.5 mm, the base pointed, the apex obtuse; endosperm homogeneous. EOPHYLL bifid. (J. Dransfield and H. Beentje. 1995)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.
N. indivisa was put into synonymy by Jumelle (1929). Northern populations have generally longer peduncles and more glabrous rachillae, but not consistently so. Jacquemin H572J has the staminate and pistillate flowers at almost the same stage of development on a single rachilla, which is most unusual in Dypsis. Guillaumet 2161 has the stamens larger than in all other specimens studied; the measurements of this specimen are included in the description in brackets. (J. Dransfield and H. Beentje. 1995)/Palmweb. |
Culture
Shady, sheltered, and moist. Likes it very humid. Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a
Comments and Curiosities
This is the commonest small palm of the island, occurring in nearly all East Coast forests over a wide altitude range. It would make a good ornamental, with both the entire-leaved form and that with pinnate leaves being handsome, but will require a humid atmosphere. The name refers to the collector of the type, Louis Domingue Maria Catat (1859-?, who collected in Madagascar in 1889).(J. Dransfield and H. Beentje. 1995)/Palmweb.
Dypsis catiana is one of the small under-story palms common across a wide altitudinal range, in the humid, eastern forests. The distribution of this species is similar for many eastern plants and animals - they are absent from the moist forests of the north of Madagascar.
External Links
- Glossary of Palm Terms
- MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN
- "Just To Be Clear"
- http://www.cites.org/common/com/pc/20/inf%20docs/F20-11i-A6.pdf
References
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos, edric.
Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
Dransfield, J. & Beentje, H. 1995. The Palms of Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and The International Palm Society.
Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.