Difference between revisions of "Euterpe luminosa"
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| − | |common_names= | + | |common_names=Peru : guayaquil , palma palanca. The trunks are used as poles. |
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{{Palm Page}} | {{Palm Page}} | ||
==Habitat and Distribution== | ==Habitat and Distribution== | ||
| − | + | Endemic to Peru. Known only from the type locality in Peru (Pasco); understory of moist cloud forest bordering pajonal vegetation, characterized by its shrubby, xeromorphic composition, alt. 2000-2500 m. | |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| + | Stems cespitose but generally only one developed with suckers at base, erect, 5-11 m tall, 5-7 cm diam., grayish. | ||
| + | Leaves 9-12, spreading; sheath 48-65 cm long, without a ligule, green, with moderate covering of woolly, reddish brown hairs apically; petiole 20-35 cm long, green (reddish, as the rachis, in young plants), densely covered on both surfaces with woolly, reddish brown hairs; rachis 1.1-1.4 m long, densely covered on both surfaces with hairs like those of petiole; pinnae 48-69 per side, almost pendulous (forming a roof shape), subopposite, glabrous, with midvein prominent adaxially and abaxially and with 2 submarginal lateral veins, the pinnae margins and veins adaxially and abaxially with scattered ramenta; basal pinna 20-25 x 0.1-0.2 cm wide; middle pinnae 35-41 x 0.6-1 cm wide; apical pinna 14-15 x 0.5 cm. | ||
| + | lnflorescences infrafoliar at anthesis, erect; peduncle 4-5 cm long, 1 cm diam. at peduncular bract scar; prophyll ca. 32 cm long, ca. 3 cm diam., papyraceous, glabrous; peduncular bract 32 cm long, without an umbo, 2 cm diam. glabrous, peduncle with 2 or 3 smaller peduncular bracts present to 4 cm long; rachis 13-16 cm long; rachillae 30-40, to 30 cm long, to 2 mm diam. at anthesis, absent from adaxial surface of rachis, slightly swollen at base, each subtended by a small bracteole, sparsely to densely covered with 0.5 mm long, stellate, reddish brown hairs, these straight or slightly undulate, fasciculate; flowers in triads proximally, paired or solitary staminate distally, or occasionally inflorescence almost all staminate; triad bracteole prominent, apiculate to 1 mm long. Second and third flower bracteoles low, membranous; staminate flowers 6-7 mm long, some shortly pedicellate; sepals deltate, 2.5 mm long, briefly connate below, free distally, gibbous; petals triangular, 5 mm long; stamens arranged on a short receptacle; filaments 1.5 mm long; anthers 3 mm long; pistillode 1 mm long; pistillate flowers to 2.5 mm long; sepals very widely ovate, 2 mm long; petals very widely ovate, 2 mm long; staminodes 6, very small, digitate. | ||
| + | Fruits ellipsoid, 2 cm long, 1 cm diam., the stigmatic remains prominent, subapical, with an expanded perianth to 7 mm long; epicarp black; seeds ellipsoid; endosperm homogeneous, with central air space; eophyll pinnate with an elongate rachis. Editing by edric. | ||
| + | This unusual species not only has a very narrow range (as currenlly known) but it also is unique in having ellipsoid fruits, a condition nearly unknown in both Prestoea (rarely occurring in P. acuminata var. dasystachys) and Euterpe. It is also unusual in the genus in having a pinnate eophyll with an elongate rachis, and staminodes in the pistillate flowers; both of these characters occur in Prestoea. (Gloria Galeano and A. Henderson). | ||
==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
==Comments and Curiosities== | ==Comments and Curiosities== | ||
| − | + | Uses: Often used for palm hearts. | |
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
*[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms] | *[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms] | ||
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<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="3" widths="200px" heights="200px"> | <center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="3" widths="200px" heights="200px"> | ||
| − | image: | + | image:Euterpe_luminosa_(Scott_Zona)_001.jpg|Outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Photo by Dr. Scott Zona, edric. |
| − | image: | + | image:Fbb4e35a-7b49-4c2d-a445-55f1152f1085.jpg|In habitat. Photo by Dr. Andrew J. Henderson, edric. |
image: | image: | ||
image: | image: | ||
Revision as of 12:03, 13 October 2012
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Contents
Habitat and Distribution
Endemic to Peru. Known only from the type locality in Peru (Pasco); understory of moist cloud forest bordering pajonal vegetation, characterized by its shrubby, xeromorphic composition, alt. 2000-2500 m.
Description
Stems cespitose but generally only one developed with suckers at base, erect, 5-11 m tall, 5-7 cm diam., grayish. Leaves 9-12, spreading; sheath 48-65 cm long, without a ligule, green, with moderate covering of woolly, reddish brown hairs apically; petiole 20-35 cm long, green (reddish, as the rachis, in young plants), densely covered on both surfaces with woolly, reddish brown hairs; rachis 1.1-1.4 m long, densely covered on both surfaces with hairs like those of petiole; pinnae 48-69 per side, almost pendulous (forming a roof shape), subopposite, glabrous, with midvein prominent adaxially and abaxially and with 2 submarginal lateral veins, the pinnae margins and veins adaxially and abaxially with scattered ramenta; basal pinna 20-25 x 0.1-0.2 cm wide; middle pinnae 35-41 x 0.6-1 cm wide; apical pinna 14-15 x 0.5 cm. lnflorescences infrafoliar at anthesis, erect; peduncle 4-5 cm long, 1 cm diam. at peduncular bract scar; prophyll ca. 32 cm long, ca. 3 cm diam., papyraceous, glabrous; peduncular bract 32 cm long, without an umbo, 2 cm diam. glabrous, peduncle with 2 or 3 smaller peduncular bracts present to 4 cm long; rachis 13-16 cm long; rachillae 30-40, to 30 cm long, to 2 mm diam. at anthesis, absent from adaxial surface of rachis, slightly swollen at base, each subtended by a small bracteole, sparsely to densely covered with 0.5 mm long, stellate, reddish brown hairs, these straight or slightly undulate, fasciculate; flowers in triads proximally, paired or solitary staminate distally, or occasionally inflorescence almost all staminate; triad bracteole prominent, apiculate to 1 mm long. Second and third flower bracteoles low, membranous; staminate flowers 6-7 mm long, some shortly pedicellate; sepals deltate, 2.5 mm long, briefly connate below, free distally, gibbous; petals triangular, 5 mm long; stamens arranged on a short receptacle; filaments 1.5 mm long; anthers 3 mm long; pistillode 1 mm long; pistillate flowers to 2.5 mm long; sepals very widely ovate, 2 mm long; petals very widely ovate, 2 mm long; staminodes 6, very small, digitate. Fruits ellipsoid, 2 cm long, 1 cm diam., the stigmatic remains prominent, subapical, with an expanded perianth to 7 mm long; epicarp black; seeds ellipsoid; endosperm homogeneous, with central air space; eophyll pinnate with an elongate rachis. Editing by edric.
This unusual species not only has a very narrow range (as currenlly known) but it also is unique in having ellipsoid fruits, a condition nearly unknown in both Prestoea (rarely occurring in P. acuminata var. dasystachys) and Euterpe. It is also unusual in the genus in having a pinnate eophyll with an elongate rachis, and staminodes in the pistillate flowers; both of these characters occur in Prestoea. (Gloria Galeano and A. Henderson).
Culture
Comments and Curiosities
Uses: Often used for palm hearts.
External Links
References
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos, edric.
- IMAGE GALLERY
Outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Photo by Dr. Scott Zona, edric.
In habitat. Photo by Dr. Andrew J. Henderson, edric.
_001.jpg)
Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.
