Difference between revisions of "Chrysalidocarpus pumilus"

Revision as of 03:58, 26 April 2015 (view source) Edric_blocked_old (Talk | contribs) (Created page with "__noeditsection__ {{Palmbox |image= |image_caption= |genus=Dypsis (DIP-sis) |species=<br>pumila (poo-MEE-ah) |subspecies= |cultivar= |synonyms= |continent= |habit=Solitary |le...")		Latest revision as of 12:53, 13 February 2023 (view source) Joaocosta (Talk | contribs) (re classification)
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	{{Palmbox		{{Palmbox
−	|image=	+	|image=normal_post-1-25121-19_DypsisSommet.jpg
−	|image_caption=	+	|image_caption=Marojejy National Park. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
−	|genus=Dypsis (DIP-sis)	+	|genus=Chrysalidocarpus
−	|species=<br>pumila (poo-MEE-ah)	+	|species=<br>pumilus (poo-MEE-luh)
	|subspecies=		|subspecies=
	|cultivar=		|cultivar=
	|synonyms=		|synonyms=
−	|continent=	+	|continent=africa
	|habit=Solitary		|habit=Solitary
	|leaf_type=Pinnate		|leaf_type=Pinnate
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	}}		}}
	==Habitat and Distribution==		==Habitat and Distribution==
−		+	Madagascar. NE Madagascar, only known from the Marojejy Mts. A species from high mountains in [[File:normal_post-1-25121-19_DypsisSommet.jpg|thumb|left|500px|Marojejy National Park. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.]]the north; the specific name means 'dwarf', and refers to the habit: in this case short and stocky rather than the 'tiny' it often means. This species holds the altitude record for Madagascar palms as it occurs at a higher elevation than any other. On gneiss and quartzite, in ericoid vegetation or montane forest, also in high altitude swamp; 1500-2100 m.
−	[[]]	+
	==Description==		==Description==
−	{{Collapse top}}	+	Dwarf palm 0.3-1 m, apparently solitary. STEM erect or procumbent, 2.2-7 cm in diam., internodes 2-5 mm distally. LEAVES 3-4 per crown; sheath 11-19 cm long, about 2 cm in diam., waxy and distally densely scaly, without auricles but with square shoulders; petiole absent or up to 4 cm, 7-11 x 4-8 mm in diam., densely scaly; rachis 26-47 cm, densely scaly; leaflets regular, 19-21 on each side of the rachis, the proximal 11-18 x 0.3-1.2 cm, median 13-20 x 1-2.1 cm (interval 0.8-2 cm), distal 2.5-9 x 0.2-1 cm, apices attenuate, not bifid, main vein 1-3, as well as thickened margins, few to many small scales on midrib and margins abaxially, with a few scales on the proximal midrib adaxially. INFLORESCENCE infrafoliar, branching to 1 order; peduncle 7-16 cm, 4-8 mm in diam.; prophyll dark green, 17-24 cm long, borne at 2.8-8 cm above the base of the peduncle, 3-3.5 cm wide, the distal half open; peduncular bract inserted at 4.5-12.2 cm, 10-15 x 3.6 cm, open, with scattered small scales; rachis 3-5 cm long, glabrous, with 9 rachillae (always?); rachillae 6-10 cm long, 1.5-3 mm in diam., glabrous, the triads distant, sunk in pits; rachilla bracts acute, entire. STAMINATE FLOWERS with sepals 2.3-3.9 x 1.8-3.2 mm, ovate or elliptic, proximally slightly gibbous, keeled, with membranous margins, acute or obtuse, entire; receptacle 1.8-2 mm high; petals 3-5.8 x 2.6-3.6 mm, ovate or elliptic, striate, acute; stamens 6, uni- or biseriate, filaments 2.8-5 x 0.7-1 mm, flat, anthers 1.4-1.8 x 0.8-1 mm, dorsifixed, versatile, the locules slightly diverging proximally, obtuse; pistillode c. 1.8-3 x 0.7-1 mm. PISTILLATE FLOWERS with sepals 2.6-3.2 x 1.7-3.3 mm (to 4.7 mm wide in fruit), (broadly) ovate, concave, acute; petals (in bud) imbricate with a minute valvate apex, broadly ovate, 2.2-2.8 x 1.8-2.2 mm, or (in fruit) white and reddish, 4.2-4.8 x 5-5.5 mm; staminodes (four seen) flat, up to 0.6 mm high; gynoecium c. 2.2 x 1.5 mm. FRUIT subglobose to slightly obovoid, 17-26 x 12-20 mm, pointed at the base, rounded at the apex; endocarp fibrous, but not adhering to the seed. SEED slightly obovoid, 16-17 x 13-14 mm, pointed at the base, rounded at the apex, with a faint subequatorial depression; endosperm ruminate with many intrusions, 2- 6 mm deep. (J. Dransfield & H. Beentje, The Palms of Madagascar. 1995)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.
−	{{Collapse bottom}}	+
−	{{read more top}}	+
−	{{read more bottom}}	+
−	==Culture==	+
		+	This species is near D. heteromorphus but is solitary, much shorter, has a shorter sheath, smaller leaves, and the inflorescence branches to only one order; it is also near D. acuminum but is distinct by its ruminate endosperm and shorter sheath. (J. Dransfield & H. Beentje, The Palms of Madagascar. 1995)/Palmweb.
		+	==Culture==
		+	Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a
	==Comments and Curiosities==		==Comments and Curiosities==
		+	{{read more top}}
		+	Conservation: Critically Endangered. Endemic to the summit of Marojejy where fewer than 30 individuals are found, hence it qualifies for Listing as Critically Endangered under criterion D. The site is protected and access is difficult as well as restricted. Regular monitoring of the population is required. Protected in Marojejy National Park. Further surveys are required to determine the full extent and size of the population. Ocasional monitoring of the population trends is required. (IUCN Redlist 2012)
−	<div class="zoom_img">	+	"On our trip 2 years ago, our group went up to camp #3, and Peter Balasky and myself, along with our guide started off to the summit to see this palm. We were in 1 hours walking distance probably and deciced to turn around and come back down, because we felt that there just wasn't much to look at up that far. Looking at your picture here, I now wish I could say that we went up and saw this beautiful and very rare palm. I don't know of anybody having one of these, it would take a unique situation to be able to grow it. Thanks for showing it to all of us!" (Jeff Searle, Searle Brothers Nursery, FL.)
		+
		+	{{read more bottom}}
	<br style="clear:both;"/>		<br style="clear:both;"/>
	{{#Widget:AdResban}}		{{#Widget:AdResban}}
	<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="4" widths="300px" heights="300px" mode="packed">		<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="4" widths="300px" heights="300px" mode="packed">
−	Photo by Dr. , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.	+	File:normal_post-1-25121-19_DypsisSommet.jpg|Marojejy National Park. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
		+
		+	File:dp00116759.JPG|All information copyright, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
		+	File:dp001772316.JPG|All information copyright, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
	</gallery></center>		</gallery></center>
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	*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]		*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
	*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]		*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
		+	*http://www.palmtalk.org/forum/index.php?/topic/4299-dypsis-pumila-a-high-elevation-beauty/
	==References==		==References==
	Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.		Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
		+	Edit by João Santos Costa
	Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.		Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
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	Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).		Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
		+
		+	J. Dransfield & H. Beentje, The Palms of Madagascar. 1995
	{{SpeciesListBackLink}}		{{SpeciesListBackLink}}
	[[Category:Palms of Madagascar]]		[[Category:Palms of Madagascar]]
−	[[Category:DYPSIS|pumila]]	+	[[Category:CHRYSALIDOCARPUS|pumilus]]

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Latest revision as of 12:53, 13 February 2023

Chrysalidocarpus pumilus (poo-MEE-luh)
Marojejy National Park. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
Scientific Classification
Genus: Chrysalidocarpus Species: pumilus (poo-MEE-luh)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
Africa
Morphology
Habit: Solitary Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
None.

Habitat and Distribution

Madagascar. NE Madagascar, only known from the Marojejy Mts. A species from high mountains in the north; the specific name means 'dwarf', and refers to the habit: in this case short and stocky rather than the 'tiny' it often means. This species holds the altitude record for Madagascar palms as it occurs at a higher elevation than any other. On gneiss and quartzite, in ericoid vegetation or montane forest, also in high altitude swamp; 1500-2100 m.

Description

Dwarf palm 0.3-1 m, apparently solitary. STEM erect or procumbent, 2.2-7 cm in diam., internodes 2-5 mm distally. LEAVES 3-4 per crown; sheath 11-19 cm long, about 2 cm in diam., waxy and distally densely scaly, without auricles but with square shoulders; petiole absent or up to 4 cm, 7-11 x 4-8 mm in diam., densely scaly; rachis 26-47 cm, densely scaly; leaflets regular, 19-21 on each side of the rachis, the proximal 11-18 x 0.3-1.2 cm, median 13-20 x 1-2.1 cm (interval 0.8-2 cm), distal 2.5-9 x 0.2-1 cm, apices attenuate, not bifid, main vein 1-3, as well as thickened margins, few to many small scales on midrib and margins abaxially, with a few scales on the proximal midrib adaxially. INFLORESCENCE infrafoliar, branching to 1 order; peduncle 7-16 cm, 4-8 mm in diam.; prophyll dark green, 17-24 cm long, borne at 2.8-8 cm above the base of the peduncle, 3-3.5 cm wide, the distal half open; peduncular bract inserted at 4.5-12.2 cm, 10-15 x 3.6 cm, open, with scattered small scales; rachis 3-5 cm long, glabrous, with 9 rachillae (always?); rachillae 6-10 cm long, 1.5-3 mm in diam., glabrous, the triads distant, sunk in pits; rachilla bracts acute, entire. STAMINATE FLOWERS with sepals 2.3-3.9 x 1.8-3.2 mm, ovate or elliptic, proximally slightly gibbous, keeled, with membranous margins, acute or obtuse, entire; receptacle 1.8-2 mm high; petals 3-5.8 x 2.6-3.6 mm, ovate or elliptic, striate, acute; stamens 6, uni- or biseriate, filaments 2.8-5 x 0.7-1 mm, flat, anthers 1.4-1.8 x 0.8-1 mm, dorsifixed, versatile, the locules slightly diverging proximally, obtuse; pistillode c. 1.8-3 x 0.7-1 mm. PISTILLATE FLOWERS with sepals 2.6-3.2 x 1.7-3.3 mm (to 4.7 mm wide in fruit), (broadly) ovate, concave, acute; petals (in bud) imbricate with a minute valvate apex, broadly ovate, 2.2-2.8 x 1.8-2.2 mm, or (in fruit) white and reddish, 4.2-4.8 x 5-5.5 mm; staminodes (four seen) flat, up to 0.6 mm high; gynoecium c. 2.2 x 1.5 mm. FRUIT subglobose to slightly obovoid, 17-26 x 12-20 mm, pointed at the base, rounded at the apex; endocarp fibrous, but not adhering to the seed. SEED slightly obovoid, 16-17 x 13-14 mm, pointed at the base, rounded at the apex, with a faint subequatorial depression; endosperm ruminate with many intrusions, 2- 6 mm deep. (J. Dransfield & H. Beentje, The Palms of Madagascar. 1995)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.

This species is near D. heteromorphus but is solitary, much shorter, has a shorter sheath, smaller leaves, and the inflorescence branches to only one order; it is also near D. acuminum but is distinct by its ruminate endosperm and shorter sheath. (J. Dransfield & H. Beentje, The Palms of Madagascar. 1995)/Palmweb.

Culture

Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a

Comments and Curiosities