Difference between revisions of "Chrysalidocarpus ankirindro"
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| − | |image=Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in- | + | |image=Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in-Madagascar.jpg |
|image_caption=Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb. | |image_caption=Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb. | ||
|genus=Dypsis (DIP-sis) | |genus=Dypsis (DIP-sis) | ||
| − | |species=<br>ankirindro | + | |species=<br>ankirindro (ahn-kihr-IHN-dro) |
|subspecies= | |subspecies= | ||
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==Habitat and Distribution== | ==Habitat and Distribution== | ||
| − | + | ''Dypsis ankirindro'' is endemic to Northeast Madagascar, known from two mountains in the [[Image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in-Madagascar2.jpg|thumb|left|500px|Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.]]eastern central part of the Makira protected area. Mountain summit vegetation, elfin forest and mountain thicket on quartzite, Alt. 650-950 m. | |
| − | [[Image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in- | + | |
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | Clustering palm. Stem to about 5 m high, erect, about 2-3 cm in diam., internodes 2-3.6 cm, green with corky warts. Leaves 5-7 in the crown, spiral, erect, crown shuttlecock-like; crownshaft 25-32 cm, about 3.5 cm in diam., closed, forming well-defined crownshaft to 50 cm long, green with scattered dark scales and black indumentum towards apex and grey bloom when young; petiole about 30 cm long, 6-7 mm wide, sparsely to densely black/brown scaly, sometimes with thin grey indumentum, adaxially channeled; leaf rachis about 60 cm long, 4-6 mm wide at mid point, triangular in section, indumentum/scales as rachis; leaflets narrowly to broadly lanceolate, leathery, single-fold, sometimes narrowly tapering, 10-20 on each side of the rachis, regularly arranged, ascending slightly then tips drooping, inserted 8-14 cm apart, proximal leaflets 35-72 × 0.5-2.5 cm, median leaflets 37-56 × 2.6-3.5 cm, distal leaflets 6-18 × 0.6-1.5 cm, sparsely to quite densely dark scaly on both surfaces, scales more abundant towards base and on abaxial surface, few medifixed ramenta on abaxial surface of midrib. Inflorescence infrafoliar, branched to 1 order; peduncle 9-12 cm long, about 0.8 cm wide, glabrous or with scattered scales; prophyll 9.5-10.5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, borne 1-2 cm above the base of peduncle, 2- keeled, opening apically, persistent; peduncular bract 20-26 cm × about 4 cm, cucullate, opening longitudinally, persistent, inserted at about 4 cm from the base of the peduncle; rachis 3.5-7.5 cm long, with scattered scales, with about 9 rachillae; rachillae 10-17 cm long, up to 8 mm in diam. at widest point, indumentum as rachis, rachilla bracts conspicuous, triads quite closely spaced. Staminate flowers 8-9 × 11-13 mm at anthesis, sepals 3, 4 × 4-4.5 mm, imbricate, cucullate, thick, with angular abaxial ridge, petals 3, 3.5-4.5 × 4-4.5 mm, valvate, triangular, stamens 6, erect, recurving, filament 6-7 × about 1.5 mm, flattened, briefly united basally, anthers medifixed about 3 × 1.5 mm; pistillode 2-3 × 1-1.5 mm, pyramidal; Pistillate flowers immature, bud about 4 × 6 mm, ovoid, perianth imbricate, staminodes 6, to 2 mm long, gynoecium 5 × 3 mm, ellipsoid. Fruits not seen. Seeds not seen. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb.. | + | Clustering palm. Stem to about 5 m high, erect, about 2-3 cm in diam., internodes 2-3.6 cm, green with corky warts. Leaves 5-7 in the crown, spiral, erect, crown shuttlecock-like; crownshaft 25-32 cm, about 3.5 cm in diam., closed, forming well-defined crownshaft to 50 cm long, green with scattered dark scales and black indumentum towards apex and grey bloom when young; petiole about 30 cm long, 6-7 mm wide, sparsely to densely black/brown scaly, sometimes with thin grey indumentum, adaxially channeled; leaf rachis about 60 cm long, 4-6 mm wide at mid point, triangular in section, indumentum/scales as rachis; leaflets narrowly to broadly lanceolate, leathery, single-fold, sometimes narrowly tapering, 10-20 on each side of the rachis, regularly arranged, ascending slightly then tips drooping, inserted 8-14 cm apart, proximal leaflets 35-72 × 0.5-2.5 cm, median leaflets 37-56 × 2.6-3.5 cm, distal leaflets 6-18 × 0.6-1.5 cm, sparsely to quite densely dark scaly on both surfaces, scales more abundant towards base and on abaxial surface, few medifixed ramenta on abaxial surface of midrib. Inflorescence infrafoliar, branched to 1 order; peduncle 9-12 cm long, about 0.8 cm wide, glabrous or with scattered scales; prophyll 9.5-10.5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, borne 1-2 cm above the base of peduncle, 2- keeled, opening apically, persistent; peduncular bract 20-26 cm × about 4 cm, cucullate, opening longitudinally, persistent, inserted at about 4 cm from the base of the peduncle; rachis 3.5-7.5 cm long, with scattered scales, with about 9 rachillae; rachillae 10-17 cm long, up to 8 mm in diam. at widest point, indumentum as rachis, rachilla bracts conspicuous, triads quite closely spaced. Staminate flowers 8-9 × 11-13 mm at anthesis, sepals 3, 4 × 4-4.5 mm, imbricate, cucullate, thick, with angular abaxial ridge, petals 3, 3.5-4.5 × 4-4.5 mm, valvate, triangular, stamens 6, erect, recurving, filament 6-7 × about 1.5 mm, flattened, briefly united basally, anthers medifixed about 3 × 1.5 mm; pistillode 2-3 × 1-1.5 mm, pyramidal; Pistillate flowers immature, bud about 4 × 6 mm, ovoid, perianth imbricate, staminodes 6, to 2 mm long, gynoecium 5 × 3 mm, ellipsoid. Fruits not seen. Seeds not seen. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. Edtiting by edric. |
| − | {{read more top}}This new taxon falls into Dypsis Group 3 (Dransfield & Beentje 1995). Other species from this group that occur in the same area include D. baronii, D. Oreophila and D. aff. serpentina. Of these, D. ankirindro is most similar to D. serpentina, but it more closely resembles D. andrianatonga, which is not yet recorded from Makira. However, both of these species have somewhat floppy, snaking stems that branch aerially, in contrast to the erect, unbranched habit of D. ankirindro. The new species also has somewhat broader elliptic leaflets, compared to the rather narrowly elliptic or linear leaflets of the other two species, as well as inflorescences that appear somewhat more robust. In addition, Dypsis serpentina has irregular or grouped leaflets, while D. ankirindro has regular leaflets, and D. andrianatonga has interfoliar inflorescences compared to the infrafoliar inflorescences of D. ankirindro. We have observed a degree of variability in D. Ankirindro in leaf morphology that may correspond with altitude. We acknowledge that distinguishing species in this group can be problematic and it is possible that species limits may be reconsidered when further new material becomes available. As a practical solution, however, we formally recognize this entity here to account for the new morphological dimensions that we have observed in the field. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. | + | {{read more top}}This new taxon falls into Dypsis Group 3 (Dransfield & Beentje 1995). Other species from this group that occur in the same area include D. baronii, D. Oreophila and D. aff. serpentina. Of these, D. ankirindro is most similar to D. serpentina, but it more closely resembles D. andrianatonga, which is not yet recorded from Makira. However, both of these species have somewhat floppy, snaking stems that branch aerially, in contrast to the erect, unbranched habit of D. ankirindro. The new species also has somewhat broader elliptic leaflets, compared to the rather narrowly elliptic or linear leaflets of the other two species, as well as inflorescences that appear somewhat more robust. In addition, Dypsis serpentina has irregular or grouped leaflets, while D. ankirindro has regular leaflets, and D. andrianatonga has interfoliar inflorescences compared to the infrafoliar inflorescences of D. ankirindro. We have observed a degree of variability in D. Ankirindro in leaf morphology that may correspond with altitude. We acknowledge that distinguishing species in this group can be problematic and it is possible that species limits may be reconsidered when further new material becomes available. As a practical solution, however, we formally recognize this entity here to account for the new morphological dimensions that we have observed in the field. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. Editing by edric. |
{{read more bottom}} | {{read more bottom}} | ||
==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
| − | + | Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a | |
==Comments and Curiosities== | ==Comments and Curiosities== | ||
Conservation: Vulnerable [VU (D2)] (provisional assessment). Populations restricted to the summit of mountains in the central eastern part of Makira (Ankirindro and Beanivona), numbers of individuals are low and the area of occupancy is small. Nevertheless, isolation, difficult access and protection of its habitat decrease the risk of extinction of this species currently. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. | Conservation: Vulnerable [VU (D2)] (provisional assessment). Populations restricted to the summit of mountains in the central eastern part of Makira (Ankirindro and Beanivona), numbers of individuals are low and the area of occupancy is small. Nevertheless, isolation, difficult access and protection of its habitat decrease the risk of extinction of this species currently. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. | ||
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<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights=""> | <center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights=""> | ||
| − | image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in- | + | image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in-Madagascar.jpg|Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb. |
| − | image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in- | + | image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in-Madagascar2.jpg|Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb. |
| − | image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in- | + | image:Dypsis-ankirindo-in-habitat-in-Madagascar3.jpg|Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb. |
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==References== | ==References== | ||
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric. | Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric. | ||
| + | Edit by João Santos Costa | ||
| − | Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos | + | Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos. |
Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos. | Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos. | ||
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{{SpeciesListBackLink}} | {{SpeciesListBackLink}} | ||
[[Category:Palms of Madagascar]] | [[Category:Palms of Madagascar]] | ||
| − | [[Category: | + | [[Category:CHRYSALIDOCARPUS|ankirindro]] |
Latest revision as of 10:16, 13 February 2023
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 Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb. | |||||||
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Contents
Habitat and Distribution
Dypsis ankirindro is endemic to Northeast Madagascar, known from two mountains in the
Description
Clustering palm. Stem to about 5 m high, erect, about 2-3 cm in diam., internodes 2-3.6 cm, green with corky warts. Leaves 5-7 in the crown, spiral, erect, crown shuttlecock-like; crownshaft 25-32 cm, about 3.5 cm in diam., closed, forming well-defined crownshaft to 50 cm long, green with scattered dark scales and black indumentum towards apex and grey bloom when young; petiole about 30 cm long, 6-7 mm wide, sparsely to densely black/brown scaly, sometimes with thin grey indumentum, adaxially channeled; leaf rachis about 60 cm long, 4-6 mm wide at mid point, triangular in section, indumentum/scales as rachis; leaflets narrowly to broadly lanceolate, leathery, single-fold, sometimes narrowly tapering, 10-20 on each side of the rachis, regularly arranged, ascending slightly then tips drooping, inserted 8-14 cm apart, proximal leaflets 35-72 × 0.5-2.5 cm, median leaflets 37-56 × 2.6-3.5 cm, distal leaflets 6-18 × 0.6-1.5 cm, sparsely to quite densely dark scaly on both surfaces, scales more abundant towards base and on abaxial surface, few medifixed ramenta on abaxial surface of midrib. Inflorescence infrafoliar, branched to 1 order; peduncle 9-12 cm long, about 0.8 cm wide, glabrous or with scattered scales; prophyll 9.5-10.5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, borne 1-2 cm above the base of peduncle, 2- keeled, opening apically, persistent; peduncular bract 20-26 cm × about 4 cm, cucullate, opening longitudinally, persistent, inserted at about 4 cm from the base of the peduncle; rachis 3.5-7.5 cm long, with scattered scales, with about 9 rachillae; rachillae 10-17 cm long, up to 8 mm in diam. at widest point, indumentum as rachis, rachilla bracts conspicuous, triads quite closely spaced. Staminate flowers 8-9 × 11-13 mm at anthesis, sepals 3, 4 × 4-4.5 mm, imbricate, cucullate, thick, with angular abaxial ridge, petals 3, 3.5-4.5 × 4-4.5 mm, valvate, triangular, stamens 6, erect, recurving, filament 6-7 × about 1.5 mm, flattened, briefly united basally, anthers medifixed about 3 × 1.5 mm; pistillode 2-3 × 1-1.5 mm, pyramidal; Pistillate flowers immature, bud about 4 × 6 mm, ovoid, perianth imbricate, staminodes 6, to 2 mm long, gynoecium 5 × 3 mm, ellipsoid. Fruits not seen. Seeds not seen. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. Edtiting by edric.
| read more |
|---|
| This new taxon falls into Dypsis Group 3 (Dransfield & Beentje 1995). Other species from this group that occur in the same area include D. baronii, D. Oreophila and D. aff. serpentina. Of these, D. ankirindro is most similar to D. serpentina, but it more closely resembles D. andrianatonga, which is not yet recorded from Makira. However, both of these species have somewhat floppy, snaking stems that branch aerially, in contrast to the erect, unbranched habit of D. ankirindro. The new species also has somewhat broader elliptic leaflets, compared to the rather narrowly elliptic or linear leaflets of the other two species, as well as inflorescences that appear somewhat more robust. In addition, Dypsis serpentina has irregular or grouped leaflets, while D. ankirindro has regular leaflets, and D. andrianatonga has interfoliar inflorescences compared to the infrafoliar inflorescences of D. ankirindro. We have observed a degree of variability in D. Ankirindro in leaf morphology that may correspond with altitude. We acknowledge that distinguishing species in this group can be problematic and it is possible that species limits may be reconsidered when further new material becomes available. As a practical solution, however, we formally recognize this entity here to account for the new morphological dimensions that we have observed in the field. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb. Editing by edric. |
Culture
Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a
Comments and Curiosities
Conservation: Vulnerable [VU (D2)] (provisional assessment). Populations restricted to the summit of mountains in the central eastern part of Makira (Ankirindro and Beanivona), numbers of individuals are low and the area of occupancy is small. Nevertheless, isolation, difficult access and protection of its habitat decrease the risk of extinction of this species currently. (M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen and W.J.Baker. 2009)/Palmweb.
- IMAGE GALLERY
Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
External Links
- Glossary of Palm Terms
- MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN
- "Just To Be Clear"
- http://www.kew.org/plants-fungi/Dypsis-ankirindro.htm
- https://www.palms.org/palmsjournal/2009/v53n3p125-146.pdf
References
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric. Edit by João Santos Costa
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
M. Rakotoarinivo, M.S.Trudgen & W.J.Baker. 2009. The Palms of the Makira Protected Area, Madagascar.
Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.
