Difference between revisions of "Ceratolobus discolor"

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==Habitat and Distribution==

==Habitat and Distribution==

==Description==

==Description==

Moderate-sized clustering rattan rarely exceeding 15 m in length. Stems closely clustering by short suckers, 6-11 mm in diam. without sheaths, to 30 mm with sheaths; internodes 20-35 cm long, occasionally still longer in juvenile plants. Leaf sheath pinky-grey-green when fresh and newly emerged, dull grey-green when fresh and old, dark grey-brown when dry, densely covered with caducous scurfy grey indumentum (dark brown scales rather rare), and armed with groups and partial whorls of easily detached dark brown, spiculate spines to 9 cm long, borne on pale yellowish-green bulbous bases, these last remaining long after the spiculae have become detached; occa- sionally with broad, thin, almost papery, straw-coloured spines to 3.7 x 0.3 m long in groups among the spiculae, very rarely these spines abundant and spiculae almost absent; geniculus prominent, either armed with spiculae or, in forms with broad papery spines, almost inerm; ocrea to 1.5 cm, brown, tattering. Leaf 1.5-2.5 m long in adult; petiole 10-35 cm long, occasionally longer in juvenile leaves, to 10 mm wide and 7 mm thick, rounded abaxially, flattened or slightly grooved adaxially, armed with scattered spiculae below, and groups of 2-4 more robust, not easily-detached yellow-green spines to 1.1 cm long, especially along the margins, and scattered smaller spines on the adaxial face; minute papillae and caducous grey-white indumentum between the spines; petiole decreasing in width and armature above; rachis armed as the petiole but in upper part, spines tending to be confined to abaxial face and grouped in grapnels of 3.5; cirrus to 1.5 m long, with grapnel spine groups 5 cm distant below, decreasing above, and scattered grey-white indumentum and few chocolate-coloured scales. {{read more top}}Leaflets 7-8 on each side of the rachis in mature leaf, the middle ones larger than the others, the largest broadly cuneate-rhomboid, to 35 x 16 cm at about 20 cm from the insertion on the rachis; lowermost leaflets on either side about 28 x 6 cm, upper- most to 32 x 10 cm; upper leaflet margins praemorse with rather rounded lobes, armed with small black bristles, the central lobe often prominent; whole leaflet markedly plicate with up to 15 plications, dull mid-green above, gleaming grey-white indumentose below, scattered dark-grey indumentum and brown pseudoparenchymatous scales along the main ribs on the upper surface and along margins exposed in bud; transverse veinlets rather obscure; emerging leaflets pink, turning dull brown then green. Staminate and pistillate inflorescences superficially similar, sessile, erect, very robust, the pistillate to 80 x 9 cm; base of inflorescence at point of insertion on leaf sheath about 15 mm wide by 5 mm through. Prophyll pale pinky-green at first emergence from sheaths, then drying to dull brown, very stiff, almost woody in texture, with dense caducous chocolate-coloured indumentum on both surfaces but especially on the abaxial surface; beak to 8 cm long by 2 cm wide at base and 0-5 cm wide at tip. Axis branching to 2 orders with up to 8 first-order branches 8 cm long; first-order bracts tightly sheathing, to 8 mm long, with apiculus to 12 mm long. Staminate flowers solitary, borne on an alveolus about 0.75 mm in diam.; calyx with shallowly triangular lobes to 0.75 mm long; corolla about 4.5 mm long split ? to the base into 3 lobes 2.25 mm wide near the base, tapering to bluntly triangular tips; stamens 6; filaments about 1 mm long; anthers 1.75 x 0.2 mm; pollen yellow; pistillode trifid, minute. Pistillate flower borne with sterile staminate flower in a pair on an alveolus about 1.25 mm in diam.; calyx with 3 triangular lobes about 1 mm high; corolla split to I into 3 broadly triangular lobes 4.5 x 3 mm; staminodes 6, with broad triangular bases and empty anthers about 1.5 mm long; ovary about 2.75 mm in diam., rounded, tipped with 3 sinuous stigmas to 1-5 mm long. Sterile staminate flower to 6.5 mm long; calyx 1 mm long, shallowly lobed; corolla split for 4.5 mm; staminodes with filaments 1.75 mm long and anthers 1.5 x 0.2 mm. Mature fruit bursting the enclosing inflorescence bract, and tending to hang out, rounded, to 1.5 cm in diam, tipped by stigma remains and covered with 12 vertical rows of pale orange-brown scales with darker brown margins; seed rounded about 1.2 cm in diam., covered in a thin sarcotesta; endosperm shallowly ruminate; embryo basal. Germination adjacent- ligular; eophyll not known. (J. Dransfield, A monograph of Ceratolobus (Palmae). 1979)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.

Moderate-sized clustering rattan rarely exceeding 15 m in length. Stems closely clustering by short suckers, 6-11 mm in diam. without sheaths, to 30 mm with sheaths; internodes 20-35 cm long, occasionally still longer in juvenile plants. Leaf sheath pinky-grey-green when fresh and newly emerged, dull grey-green when fresh and old, dark grey-brown when dry, densely covered with caducous scurfy grey indumentum (dark brown scales rather rare), and armed with groups and partial whorls of easily detached dark brown, spiculate spines to 9 cm long, borne on pale yellowish-green bulbous bases, these last remaining long after the spiculae have become detached; occa- sionally with broad, thin, almost papery, straw-coloured spines to 3.7 x 0.3 m long in groups among the spiculae, very rarely these spines abundant and spiculae almost absent; geniculus prominent, either armed with spiculae or, in forms with broad papery spines, almost inerm; ocrea to 1.5 cm, brown, tattering. Leaf 1.5-2.5 m long in adult; petiole 10-35 cm long, occasionally longer in juvenile leaves, to 10 mm wide and 7 mm thick, rounded abaxially, flattened or slightly grooved adaxially, armed with scattered spiculae below, and groups of 2-4 more robust, not easily-detached yellow-green spines to 1.1 cm long, especially along the margins, and scattered smaller spines on the adaxial face; minute papillae and caducous grey-white indumentum between the spines; petiole decreasing in width and armature above; rachis armed as the petiole but in upper part, spines tending to be confined to abaxial face and grouped in grapnels of 3.5; cirrus to 1.5 m long, with grapnel spine groups 5 cm distant below, decreasing above, and scattered grey-white indumentum and few chocolate-coloured scales. {{read more top}}Leaflets 7-8 on each side of the rachis in mature leaf, the middle ones larger than the others, the largest broadly cuneate-rhomboid, to 35 x 16 cm at about 20 cm from the insertion on the rachis; lowermost leaflets on either side about 28 x 6 cm, upper- most to 32 x 10 cm; upper leaflet margins praemorse with rather rounded lobes, armed with small black bristles, the central lobe often prominent; whole leaflet markedly plicate with up to 15 plications, dull mid-green above, gleaming grey-white indumentose below, scattered dark-grey indumentum and brown pseudoparenchymatous scales along the main ribs on the upper surface and along margins exposed in bud; transverse veinlets rather obscure; emerging leaflets pink, turning dull brown then green. Staminate and pistillate inflorescences superficially similar, sessile, erect, very robust, the pistillate to 80 x 9 cm; base of inflorescence at point of insertion on leaf sheath about 15 mm wide by 5 mm through. Prophyll pale pinky-green at first emergence from sheaths, then drying to dull brown, very stiff, almost woody in texture, with dense caducous chocolate-coloured indumentum on both surfaces but especially on the abaxial surface; beak to 8 cm long by 2 cm wide at base and 0-5 cm wide at tip. Axis branching to 2 orders with up to 8 first-order branches 8 cm long; first-order bracts tightly sheathing, to 8 mm long, with apiculus to 12 mm long. Staminate flowers solitary, borne on an alveolus about 0.75 mm in diam.; calyx with shallowly triangular lobes to 0.75 mm long; corolla about 4.5 mm long split ? to the base into 3 lobes 2.25 mm wide near the base, tapering to bluntly triangular tips; stamens 6; filaments about 1 mm long; anthers 1.75 x 0.2 mm; pollen yellow; pistillode trifid, minute. Pistillate flower borne with sterile staminate flower in a pair on an alveolus about 1.25 mm in diam.; calyx with 3 triangular lobes about 1 mm high; corolla split to I into 3 broadly triangular lobes 4.5 x 3 mm; staminodes 6, with broad triangular bases and empty anthers about 1.5 mm long; ovary about 2.75 mm in diam., rounded, tipped with 3 sinuous stigmas to 1-5 mm long. Sterile staminate flower to 6.5 mm long; calyx 1 mm long, shallowly lobed; corolla split for 4.5 mm; staminodes with filaments 1.75 mm long and anthers 1.5 x 0.2 mm. Mature fruit bursting the enclosing inflorescence bract, and tending to hang out, rounded, to 1.5 cm in diam, tipped by stigma remains and covered with 12 vertical rows of pale orange-brown scales with darker brown margins; seed rounded about 1.2 cm in diam., covered in a thin sarcotesta; endosperm shallowly ruminate; embryo basal. Germination adjacent- ligular; eophyll not known. (J. Dransfield, A monograph of Ceratolobus (Palmae). 1979)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.

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==Culture==

==Culture==

==Comments and Curiosities==

==Comments and Curiosities==