Vonitra crinita - Revision history

Joaocosta at 17:38, 14 February 2023

2023-02-14T17:38:58Z

Joaocosta: Joaocosta moved page Chrysalidocarpus crinita to Vonitra crinita

2023-02-14T17:36:43Z

Joaocosta moved page Chrysalidocarpus crinita to Vonitra crinita

Joaocosta: Joaocosta moved page Dypsis crinita to Chrysalidocarpus crinita

2023-02-14T17:36:28Z

Joaocosta moved page Dypsis crinita to Chrysalidocarpus crinita

Edric_blocked_old at 09:34, 16 April 2016

2016-04-16T09:34:29Z

Edric_blocked_old at 20:54, 9 February 2016

2016-02-09T20:54:55Z

Edric_blocked_old at 11:46, 9 February 2016

2016-02-09T11:46:05Z

Edric_blocked_old at 15:13, 16 January 2016

2016-01-16T15:13:36Z

Edric_blocked_old at 19:36, 31 December 2015

2015-12-31T19:36:11Z

Edric_blocked_old at 19:35, 31 December 2015

2015-12-31T19:35:27Z

Dypsisdean at 23:40, 1 August 2015

2015-08-01T23:40:23Z

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-__noeditsection__
+<big>__noeditsection__
 {{Palmbox
 |image=A381aaa1-b621-4d81-98ce-e8679557e3ea.jpg
 |image_caption=Ambatovaky, Madagascar. Photo by Dr. William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
-|genus=Dypsis (DIP-sis)
+|genus=Vonitra
 |species=<br>crinita (krih-NEET-ah)
 |subspecies=
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 {{SpeciesListBackLink}}
 [[Category:Palms of Madagascar]]
-[[Category:DYPSIS|crinita]]
+[[Category:VONITRA|crinita]]

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 ==Comments and Curiosities==
 A This is one of the commonest palms of valley bottoms of rain forests in the lowlands of north and north-east Madagascar. It is particularly abundant as a riverside tree along the fast-flowing rocky rivers that flow out into the Bay of Antongil. It is a robust palm, immediately distinguishable by its tall, dichotomously branched trunks, abundant piassava (leaf sheath fibre), liver-coloured young leaves and long inflorescences, branched to two orders, usually with many inflorescences in each crown. Seedlings of this species must frequently be submerged by flood water, and in this respect behave as rheophytes, although when the trees are mature, the crowns tower well above the water level. In deep humid valleys, this palm can often be found in large numbers, adding a very special beauty to the riverside scenery. An epiphytic orchid (Eulophiella) can often be found growing in the piassava of big old plants of D. crinita. It seems likely that this palm is in cultivation, as it is easily accessible to seed collectors and produces large quantities of fruit, but we know of no critically identified plants in collections. The name means 'with tufts of long hairs', presumably a reference to the leaf sheath fibre. (J. Dransfield and H. Beentje. 1995)/Palmweb.
 Conservation: Somewhat rare, and fairly restricted in distribution, though numbers are in the thousands rather than hundreds.

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 image:4d29f1ca-a1f0-4f47-9674-3b9cdd12406d.jpg|Antalavia, Masoala, Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
 File:dypsis-crinitamadagascar.jpg|Madagascar. Photo by Dr. Mijoro Rakotoarinivo/Kew.
-File:dcoriginal87885.jpg|Analanjirofo, Toamasina, MG, AF. Photo by Romer Rabarijaona.
+File:dcoriginal87885.jpg|Analanjirofo, Toamasina, MG, AF. Photo by Dr. Romer Rabarijaona.
 image:DcDSCN4650_(1024x768).jpg|Sunshine Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Wal
 image:DcDSCN4651_(768x1024).jpg|Sunshine Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Wal

@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 image:4d29f1ca-a1f0-4f47-9674-3b9cdd12406d.jpg|Antalavia, Masoala, Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
 File:dypsis-crinitamadagascar.jpg|Madagascar. Photo by Dr. Mijoro Rakotoarinivo/Kew.
 image:DcDSCN4650_(1024x768).jpg|Sunshine Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Wal
 image:DcDSCN4651_(768x1024).jpg|Sunshine Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Wal

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 }}
 ==Habitat and Distribution==
-Endemic to Northwest and Northeast Madagascar: Manongarivo, Masoala Peninsula and Mananara Biosphere Reserve. Streamsides; alt. 200-250 m; may grow as a rheophyte.
+Endemic to Northwest and Northeast Madagascar: Manongarivo, Masoala Peninsula and Mananara [[image:4d29f1ca-a1f0-4f47-9674-3b9cdd12406d.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Antalavia, Masoala, Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.]]Biosphere Reserve. Streamsides; alt. 200-250 m; may grow as a rheophyte.
 [[image:4d29f1ca-a1f0-4f47-9674-3b9cdd12406d.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Antalavia, Masoala, Madagascar. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.]]
 ==Description==
 Clustering palm in tufts of 2-4. TRUNK 4-15 m high, usually branched 2-3 times, rarely unbranched, grey, conspicuously ringed, 12-20 cm (Perrier: to 35 cm) in diam., slightly inflated at the base, about 10 cm in diam. near the crown, distally covered in sheath fibers; internodes 2-3 cm, nodal scars 0.5 cm; wood pink, rather soft. LEAVES 12-15 in each crown, arching, held on edge in the distal half; sheath 54-56 cm long, proximally c. 5 cm wide, with very fibrous margins, red-brown tomentose, the tongue opposite the petiole said by Perrier to be very long; petiole 90-100 cm long, proximally about 2 x 1.3 cm in diam., distally 1.2-2 x 0.6-1 cm, channelled with sharp edges, abaxially with patches of red hairs; rachis 2-3 m long, in mid-leaf 0.6-0.9 x 0.5 cm in diam., strongly keeled; leaflets regular, 51- 60 on each side of the rachis, bright green, stiff, slightly sigmoid, the proximal 53-78 x 0.7-1.8 cm, the median 54-75 x 2.3-3 cm, distal 11-32 x 1.2-2.7 cm, the terminal pair joined for c. 4 cm and toothed at the apex, main veins 5-7, prominent adaxially, few large red-brown ramenta on abaxial midrib, apices attenuate. INFLORESCENCE interfoliar, among the fibrous mass, many per tree, erect, branched to 2 orders; peduncle 126-180 cm long, proximally about 2.5 cm in diam., distally 2.2 cm in diam., with reddish laciniate scales, glabrescent; prophyll 52- 59 cm long, 3.7 cm wide; peduncular bract inserted at c. 15 cm from the base of the peduncle, c. 200 cm long, beaked for 7-11 cm, abscising and carried upwards by the lengthening inflorescence; rachis about 40 cm long, with about 10 branched and 10 unbranched first order branches, these with bulbous bases and more distally 6 x 2.5 mm in diam.; rachillae pendulous, very many, 45-64 cm long, 2-3 mm in diam., with many small stellate scales; triads spaced, more distally replaced by pairs. STAMINATE FLOWERS with sepals very unequal, the outermost smallest, keeled, hooded, proximally gibbous, 2-2.3 x 2.5-3.5 mm, with minute fringe of hairs on margins; petals purplish at anthesis, equal, ovate, acute, about 2.5 x 1.8 mm; stamens biseriate, filaments 1.3-1.5 mm, anthers 0.3-0.5 mm, basifixed; pistillode about 1.5 mm, bottleshaped. PISTILLATE FLOWERS with sepals unequal, hooded, keeled, 1.8-2.8 x 4-6 mm, imbricate; petals imbricate, orbicular, rounded, 3.5- 3.8 x 4-6 mm, the innermost enveloping the gynoecium for 270°; ovary about 3.5 x 3.3 mm, asymmetrical; staminodes 6, flat, tooth-shaped, 0.5-1 mm high. FRUIT slightly ovoid, green turning purple-black, 20-24 x 17-18 mm; endocarp fibrous. SEED 15-17 x 11-13 mm; endosperm with dense deep ruminations reaching the centre of the seed. (J. Dransfield and H. Beentje. 1995)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.

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