Difference between revisions of "Pholidostachys pulchra"

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{{Palmbox
 
{{Palmbox
 
|image=Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.jpg
 
|image=Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.jpg
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|image_caption=Photo by Paul Craft, edric.
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|image_caption=Photo by Paul Craft
 
|genus=Pholidostachys <br>(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)  
 
|genus=Pholidostachys <br>(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)  
 
|species=<br>pulchra (POOL-krah)
 
|species=<br>pulchra (POOL-krah)
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==Habitat and Distribution==
 
==Habitat and Distribution==
 
Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panamá. From 11°22'-3°10'N and 76°13'-84°24'W in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and western Colombia at 331 (12-1000) m elevation, in lowland rainforest. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.
 
Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panamá. From 11°22'-3°10'N and 76°13'-84°24'W in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and western Colombia at 331 (12-1000) m elevation, in lowland rainforest. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.
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[[image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Photo by Paul Craft, edric.]]
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[[image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Photo by Paul Craft.]]
 
==Description==
 
==Description==
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Stems 3.7 (1.5-6.6) m long, 4.6 (3.0-8.0) cm in diameter, solitary or rarely clustered. Leaves 12 (7-23) per stem; sheaths 32.1 (20.0-48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3 (49.0-150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5 (32.0-130.0) cm long, 6.8 (3.3-13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6 (3-9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1 (35.5-61.0) cm long, 1.2 (0.4-3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42-93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0-54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0-20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16 (11-27)° with the rachis. Inflorescences spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8 (5.0-29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4 (12.5-59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4 (1.1-10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1 (4.5-33.0) cm long, 5.7 (3.6-11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2 (7.5-85.0) cm long, 9.4 (6.2-16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved; fruits compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3 (11.5-29.2) mm long, 11.1 (6.6-14.6) mm diameter. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.
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Stems 3.7 (1.5-6.6) m long, 4.6 (3.0-8.0) cm in diameter, solitary or rarely clustered. Leaves 12 (7-23) per stem; sheaths 32.1 (20.0-48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3 (49.0-150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5 (32.0-130.0) cm long, 6.8 (3.3-13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6 (3-9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1 (35.5-61.0) cm long, 1.2 (0.4-3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42-93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0-54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0-20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16 (11-27)° with the rachis. Inflorescences spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8 (5.0-29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4 (12.5-59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4 (1.1-10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1 (4.5-33.0) cm long, 5.7 (3.6-11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2 (7.5-85.0) cm long, 9.4 (6.2-16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved; fruits compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3 (11.5-29.2) mm long, 11.1 (6.6-14.6) mm diameter. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.
  
 
Pholidostachys pulchra shares with P. panamensis a spicate inflorescence and unequal prophyll and peduncular bract. It is a widespread and variable species.
 
Pholidostachys pulchra shares with P. panamensis a spicate inflorescence and unequal prophyll and peduncular bract. It is a widespread and variable species.
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This palm looks just like a very big Geonoma, and has stunning RED new leaves. The leaflets are very broad and of different widths, giving it a striking appearance, quite different from most other palms. It is occasionally clustering and produces spicate infructescences carrying quite large fruits. A perfect choice for a shady, tropical or subtropical garden. (RPS.com)
 
This palm looks just like a very big Geonoma, and has stunning RED new leaves. The leaflets are very broad and of different widths, giving it a striking appearance, quite different from most other palms. It is occasionally clustering and produces spicate infructescences carrying quite large fruits. A perfect choice for a shady, tropical or subtropical garden. (RPS.com)
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==External Links==
 
−
*[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms]
 
−
*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
 
−
*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
 
−
*http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2012/f/pt00043p048.pdf
 
−
==References==
 
−
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
 
−
 
−
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
 
−
 
−
Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
 
−
 
−
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
 
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Henderson, A.J. 2012. A revision of Pholidostachys (Arecaceae).
 
  
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{{#Widget:AdResban}}
 
<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights="">
 
<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights="">
 
Image:PholidPul.jpg|Kona, Big Island - Hawaii.
 
Image:PholidPul.jpg|Kona, Big Island - Hawaii.
 
Image:PholidoIMG 0164.JPG|Fairchild FL.
 
Image:PholidoIMG 0164.JPG|Fairchild FL.
 
image:Pp2785996.jpg|Wilson Garden, Las Cruces, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
 
image:Pp2785996.jpg|Wilson Garden, Las Cruces, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
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image:PpPicture_1155.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon, edric.
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image:PpPicture_1155.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon
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image:PpPicture_1156.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon, edric.
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image:PpPicture_1156.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon
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image:PpPicture_1153.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon, edric.
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image:PpPicture_1153.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon
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image:PpPicture_1170.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon, edric.
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image:PpPicture_1170.jpg|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon
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image:Pp5CD85CE3-5C57-4D89-9D13-9FAFD1475E45.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. B. Hammel, edric.
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image:Pp5CD85CE3-5C57-4D89-9D13-9FAFD1475E45.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. B. Hammel
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image:Pp784472A4-8E38-499F-9618-3B6557A00267.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. B. Hammel, edric.
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image:Pp784472A4-8E38-499F-9618-3B6557A00267.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. B. Hammel
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image:Pp7205DC73-A0A0-465A-BBD2-9777F1ED3D8C.jpg|Limon Prov., Costa Rica. 9/1986 Photo by Dr. Olga Martha Montiel, edric.
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image:Pp7205DC73-A0A0-465A-BBD2-9777F1ED3D8C.jpg|Limon Prov., Costa Rica. 9/1986 Photo by Dr. Olga Martha Montiel
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image:Pp3D45FAA9-4E6B-4B89-9BF8-02DC12C40021.jpg|Limon Prov., Costa Rica. 9/1986 Photo by Dr. Olga Martha Montiel, edric.
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image:Pp3D45FAA9-4E6B-4B89-9BF8-02DC12C40021.jpg|Limon Prov., Costa Rica. 9/1986 Photo by Dr. Olga Martha Montiel
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image:Pppost-22-1238692379.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by BGL, edric.
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image:Pppost-22-1238692379.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by BGL
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image:Pppost-420-1238728958.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Jerry D. Andersen, JD Andersen Nursery, edric.
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image:Pppost-420-1238728958.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Jerry D. Andersen, JD Andersen Nursery
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image:4c572e.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein, edric.
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image:4c572e.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein
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image:66b5e3.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein, edric.
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image:66b5e3.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein
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image:Ff6512.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein, edric.
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image:Ff6512.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_1.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_1.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_2.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_2.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_4.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_4.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_5.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_5.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_6.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_6.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_7.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_7.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_8.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_8.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_9.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_9.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_10.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_10.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_11.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_11.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_12.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_12.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_13.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_13.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_14.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_14.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_fruto_134.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_fruto_134.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_01.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_01.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_02.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_02.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_03.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_03.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_04.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_04.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_05.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_05.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_06.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_06.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_07.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_07.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_08.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_08.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_09.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_09.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_10.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_10.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_11.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_11.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_12.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_12.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_1.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_1.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_2.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_2.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_01.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_01.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_02.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_02.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_04.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_04.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_05.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_05.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_03.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_03.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_infructescence.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_infructescence.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
 
image:
 
image:
 
image:
 
image:
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image:PhoPul2.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 
image:PhoPul2.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 
image:PhoPul3.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 
image:PhoPul3.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_3.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_3.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_5.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_5.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_4.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_4.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_7.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_7.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_13.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_13.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_3.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_3.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 
image:PholidostachyspulchraAB56b.jpg
 
image:PholidostachyspulchraAB56b.jpg
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_(1).JPG|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. F. A. Michelangeli, edric.
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_(1).JPG|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. F. A. Michelangeli
 
</gallery></center>
 
</gallery></center>
 +
==External Links==
 +
*[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms]
 +
*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
 +
*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
 +
*http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2012/f/pt00043p048.pdf
 +
==References==
 +
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
 +
 +
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
 +
 +
Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
 +
 +
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
 +
 +
Henderson, A.J. 2012. A revision of Pholidostachys (Arecaceae).
 +
 +
 
{{SpeciesListBackLink}}
 
{{SpeciesListBackLink}}
 
[[Category:PHOLIDOSTACHYS|pulchra]]
 
[[Category:PHOLIDOSTACHYS|pulchra]]

Revision as of 20:49, 18 November 2014

Pholidostachys
(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)
pulchra (POOL-krah)
Pholidostachys pulchra specimen2.jpg
Photo by Paul Craft
Scientific Classification
Genus: Pholidostachys
(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)
Species:
pulchra (POOL-krah)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
America
America.gif
Morphology
Habit: Solitary & rarely clustering.
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
None.

Habitat and Distribution

Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panamá. From 11°22'-3°10'N and 76°13'-84°24'W in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and western Colombia at 331 (12-1000) m elevation, in lowland rainforest. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.

Photo by Paul Craft.

Description

Stems 3.7 (1.5-6.6) m long, 4.6 (3.0-8.0) cm in diameter, solitary or rarely clustered. Leaves 12 (7-23) per stem; sheaths 32.1 (20.0-48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3 (49.0-150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5 (32.0-130.0) cm long, 6.8 (3.3-13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6 (3-9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1 (35.5-61.0) cm long, 1.2 (0.4-3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42-93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0-54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0-20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16 (11-27)° with the rachis. Inflorescences spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8 (5.0-29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4 (12.5-59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4 (1.1-10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1 (4.5-33.0) cm long, 5.7 (3.6-11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2 (7.5-85.0) cm long, 9.4 (6.2-16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved; fruits compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3 (11.5-29.2) mm long, 11.1 (6.6-14.6) mm diameter. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.

Pholidostachys pulchra shares with P. panamensis a spicate inflorescence and unequal prophyll and peduncular bract. It is a widespread and variable species.

Subspecific variation. Pholidostachys pulchra occurs in at least six geographically separate populations. However, no subspecific division is made here for two reasons. It is not clear if the gaps between some of the populations are artifacts of insufficient collecting, and in most cases there are too few specimens to test for differences amongst populations.

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From the north, at low elevations of 245 (15-750) m in Nicaragua and Costa Rica there is a large and apparently uniform population. This population has proximal lips that are slightly different from other populations; they are wider than long and the apex of each lip slightly overlaps the bases of the next two, distal lips. One specimen from near Puerto Viejo in Costa Rica is reported to have clustered stems; all others are solitary. There is a single outlier in Costa Rica, from the Osa Peninsula. The gap between the Nicaraguan and Costa Rican population and the next, in Veraguas, Panama appears real since there are collections of many other palms from the intervening region. The Veraguas population occurs at higher elevations of 712 (400-1000) m and has shorter stems, smaller leaves, smaller inflorescences, and larger fruits than the Nicaragua/Costa Rica population. The next population, in Coclé, Panama, occurs at slightly lower elevations at 519 (100-775) m. It has shorter and narrower apical pinnae with a narrower angle and longer peduncular bracts and interbract distances than other populations. One specimen from here is reported to have clustered stems. The next population occurs east of the Canal Zone, in three areas, the Santa Rita Ridge, Cerro Brewster, and the western end of the Serranía de San Blas. These are likely to represent collecting localities rather than populations, and all are treated together. This population occurs also occurs at slightly lower elevations at 426(200-850) m. It has longer stems, longer and wider rachises, longer and wider peduncles, and longer and wider rachillae than other Central American populations. One specimen (de Nevers 5206) has an unusually short inflorescence. In this population, several specimens are reported to have clustered stems. This and other Panamanian populations (Veraguas, Coclé) have different proximal lips from the Costa Rican/Nicaraguan population; they are usually longer than wide and do not overlap the two distal lips. However, a few specimens from San Blas have proximal lips more like the Costa Rican/Nicaraguan population. Almost 500 km further south, there are two populations in western Colombia. One of these, from near Quibdó at 356 (200-450) m elevation, comprises several specimens that have unusually short inflorescences and smaller fruits. These tend to have the inflorescence bracts surrounding, although not covering, the rachilla at anthesis. Furthest south, from Valle at 129 (12-600) m elevation, there are several specimens that also have unusually small fruits, like those of the population from near Quibdó. However, unlike that population, the Valle specimens have the longest rachillae of any population of Pholidostachys pulchra. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.

Culture

Filtered light, warm, sheltered and moist. Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a minimum

Comments and Curiosities

Etymology: The species epithet name, meaning "beautiful, neat."

"Great understory palm from central America (mostly Nicuargua)... it eventually grows up to 25' but I have never seen one much taller than 6'. Very slow palms. Have thin (2-3") stems and sparse, irregularly pinnate crowns with maroon to orange new leaves. Most Pholidostachys in cultivation are probably this species, as the other 3 species are very rare in cultivation.. however they all look so much alike (only differ in minute floral details) that most are just labeled as 'sp.'. Not cold hardy! Too bad." (Geoff Stein)

This palm looks just like a very big Geonoma, and has stunning RED new leaves. The leaflets are very broad and of different widths, giving it a striking appearance, quite different from most other palms. It is occasionally clustering and produces spicate infructescences carrying quite large fruits. A perfect choice for a shady, tropical or subtropical garden. (RPS.com)



  • IMAGE GALLERY

  • Kona, Big Island - Hawaii.

  • Fairchild FL.

  • Wilson Garden, Las Cruces, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. John Dransfield, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.

  • COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon

  • COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon

  • COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon

  • COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. Christine D. Bacon

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. B. Hammel

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. B. Hammel

  • Limon Prov., Costa Rica. 9/1986 Photo by Dr. Olga Martha Montiel

  • Limon Prov., Costa Rica. 9/1986 Photo by Dr. Olga Martha Montiel

  • Hawaii. Photo by BGL

  • Hawaii. Photo by Jerry D. Andersen, JD Andersen Nursery

  • Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein

  • Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein

  • Hawaii. Photo by Geoff Stein

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora

  • Photo by Paul Craft

  • Photo by Paul Craft

  • Photo by Paul Craft

  • Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com

  • Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com

  • Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano

  • Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar

  • Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus

  • PholidostachyspulchraAB56b.jpg

  • COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. F. A. Michelangeli

External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).

Henderson, A.J. 2012. A revision of Pholidostachys (Arecaceae).



Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

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