Difference between revisions of "Pholidostachys pulchra"

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{{Palmbox
 
{{Palmbox
|image=Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.jpg
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|image=Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_04.jpg
|image_caption=Photo by Paul Craft
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|image_caption=Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
|genus=Pholidostachys <br>(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)  
 
|genus=Pholidostachys <br>(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)  
 
|species=<br>pulchra (POOL-krah)
 
|species=<br>pulchra (POOL-krah)
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}}
 
}}
 
==Habitat and Distribution==
 
==Habitat and Distribution==
Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panamá. [[image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Photo by Paul Craft.]]From 11°22'-3°10'N and 76°13'-84°24'W in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and western Colombia at 331 (12-1000) m elevation, in lowland rainforest. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.
+
Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panamá. [[image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_07.jpg|thumb|left|380px|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar]]From 11°22'-3°10'N and 76°13'-84°24'W in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and western Colombia at 331 (12-1000) m elevation, in lowland rainforest. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.
 
==Description==
 
==Description==
 
Stems 3.7 (1.5-6.6) m long, 4.6 (3.0-8.0) cm in diameter, solitary or rarely clustered. Leaves 12 (7-23) per stem; sheaths 32.1 (20.0-48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3 (49.0-150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5 (32.0-130.0) cm long, 6.8 (3.3-13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6 (3-9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1 (35.5-61.0) cm long, 1.2 (0.4-3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42-93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0-54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0-20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16 (11-27)° with the rachis. Inflorescences spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8 (5.0-29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4 (12.5-59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4 (1.1-10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1 (4.5-33.0) cm long, 5.7 (3.6-11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2 (7.5-85.0) cm long, 9.4 (6.2-16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved; fruits compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3 (11.5-29.2) mm long, 11.1 (6.6-14.6) mm diameter. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.
 
Stems 3.7 (1.5-6.6) m long, 4.6 (3.0-8.0) cm in diameter, solitary or rarely clustered. Leaves 12 (7-23) per stem; sheaths 32.1 (20.0-48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3 (49.0-150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5 (32.0-130.0) cm long, 6.8 (3.3-13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6 (3-9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1 (35.5-61.0) cm long, 1.2 (0.4-3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42-93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0-54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0-20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16 (11-27)° with the rachis. Inflorescences spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8 (5.0-29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4 (12.5-59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4 (1.1-10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1 (4.5-33.0) cm long, 5.7 (3.6-11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2 (7.5-85.0) cm long, 9.4 (6.2-16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved; fruits compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3 (11.5-29.2) mm long, 11.1 (6.6-14.6) mm diameter. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.
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Filtered light, warm, sheltered and moist. Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a minimum
 
Filtered light, warm, sheltered and moist. Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a minimum
 
==Comments and Curiosities==
 
==Comments and Curiosities==
Etymology: The species epithet name, meaning "beautiful, neat."
+
Etymology: The specific epithet; from the Latin, meaning "beautiful, fair or pretty."
  
 
"Great understory palm from central America (mostly Nicuargua)... it eventually grows up to 25' but I have never seen one much taller than 6'. Very slow palms. Have thin (2-3") stems and sparse, irregularly pinnate crowns with maroon to orange new leaves. Most Pholidostachys in cultivation are probably this species, as the other 3 species are very rare in cultivation.. however they all look so much alike (only differ in minute floral details) that most are just labeled as 'sp.'. Not cold hardy! Too bad." (Geoff Stein)
 
"Great understory palm from central America (mostly Nicuargua)... it eventually grows up to 25' but I have never seen one much taller than 6'. Very slow palms. Have thin (2-3") stems and sparse, irregularly pinnate crowns with maroon to orange new leaves. Most Pholidostachys in cultivation are probably this species, as the other 3 species are very rare in cultivation.. however they all look so much alike (only differ in minute floral details) that most are just labeled as 'sp.'. Not cold hardy! Too bad." (Geoff Stein)
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_13.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_13.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_14.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_813_14.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 +
File:pholidostachys_pulchra_844_1.jpg|
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_fruto_134.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_fruto_134.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. O. Vargus
 +
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_01.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_01.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_02.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1317_02.jpg|Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_1.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_1.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_2.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_2.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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File:pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_6.jpg|
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_01.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_01.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_02.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_02.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_05.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_05.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_03.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_03.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
 +
File:pholidostachys_pulchra_2786_06.jpg|
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_infructescence.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_infructescence.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_leafcrown.JPG|Costa Rica. Photo by Paul Craft
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.jpg|Photo by Paul Craft
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image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_specimen2.JPG|Costa Rica. Photo by Paul Craft
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File:pp0934228990.JPG|Costa Rica. Photo by Paul Craft
 +
File:pp098063245611.JPG|Costa Rica. Photo by Paul Craft
 +
File:pp56231880.JPG|Costa Rica. Photo by Paul Craft
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File:pp095698211457.jpg|Fairchild Tropical Botanical Garden, Coral Gables, FL. Photo by Kyle Wicomb.
 +
File:pp444770923661.JPG|Costa Rica. Photo by Paul Craft
 +
File:pp0967553211.JPG|Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved. Photo by Dr. ANDREW J. HENDERSON
 
File:DSCN0334.jpg.9f7d88aafd512c6e14883ea9bdd6570c.jpg|Las Marías, PR. Photo by Cindy Adair.
 
File:DSCN0334.jpg.9f7d88aafd512c6e14883ea9bdd6570c.jpg|Las Marías, PR. Photo by Cindy Adair.
 
File:DSCN0335.jpg.8d225f2ab3176d583e5ac9b86b1e413d.jpg|Las Marías, PR. Photo by Cindy Adair.
 
File:DSCN0335.jpg.8d225f2ab3176d583e5ac9b86b1e413d.jpg|Las Marías, PR. Photo by Cindy Adair.
 
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File:pp5623187904.jpg|Rain Forest Aerial Tram, Braulio Carrillo National Park, 2008 IPS Biennial - Costa Rica. A Pholidostachys pulchra that the gondolas seemed to brush against on a constant basis. It was growing right in the tram path. This palm might not be around in the near future, as I feel it will lose the fight with the gondolas. Photo by Ryan D. Gallivan of Searle Brothers Nursery, Florida.
  
  
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image:PhoPul2.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 
image:PhoPul2.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 
image:PhoPul3.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 
image:PhoPul3.jpg|Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
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File:pp90431786092.JPG|Thailand. Photo by Philippe Alvarez.
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File:pp06494417.JPG|Thailand. Photo by Philippe Alvarez.
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File:pp4409786621.JPG|Thailand. Photo by Philippe Alvarez.
 +
File:pp6493250970.JPG|Thailand. Photo by Philippe Alvarez.
 +
File:pp6548023155.JPG|Thailand. Photo by Philippe Alvarez.
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File:pp60403312769.JPG|Thailand. Photo by Philippe Alvarez.
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_3.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_3.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_5.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_1801_5.jpg|Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. D.Solano
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image:PholidostachyspulchraAB56b.jpg
 
image:PholidostachyspulchraAB56b.jpg
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_(1).JPG|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. F. A. Michelangeli
 
image:Pholidostachys_pulchra_(1).JPG|COSTA RICA: Heredita: Sarapiqui La Selva Biological Station. Photo by Dr. F. A. Michelangeli
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File:b9gdon9re852ipnz1.jpg|Photo: tropenland.at
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File:b6oyh2vhx0fhmzlnp.jpg|Photo: tropenland.at
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File:b6o3b7z0jv58yd393.jpg|Photo: tropenland.at
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 +
File:1826.jpg
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File:pp907453321.JPG|Image Text: Dr. A.J. Henderson.
 
</gallery></center>
 
</gallery></center>
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
 
*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
 
*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
 
*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
*http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2012/f/pt00043p048.pdf
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*[http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2012/f/pt00043p048.pdf A revision of Pholidostachys - by Dr. ANDREW J. HENDERSON]
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
 
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Latest revision as of 12:10, 20 March 2016

Pholidostachys
(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)
pulchra (POOL-krah)
Pholidostachys pulchra 2786 04.jpg
Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. N. Zamora
Scientific Classification
Genus: Pholidostachys
(foh-LEE-doh-stahk-iss)
Species:
pulchra (POOL-krah)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
America
America.gif
Morphology
Habit: Solitary & rarely clustering.
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
None.

Habitat and Distribution

Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panamá.
Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad - INBio, La Selva Biological Station, Osa peninsula, Costa Rica. Photo by Dr. Reinaldo Aguilar
From 11°22'-3°10'N and 76°13'-84°24'W in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and western Colombia at 331 (12-1000) m elevation, in lowland rainforest. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb.

Description

Stems 3.7 (1.5-6.6) m long, 4.6 (3.0-8.0) cm in diameter, solitary or rarely clustered. Leaves 12 (7-23) per stem; sheaths 32.1 (20.0-48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3 (49.0-150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5 (32.0-130.0) cm long, 6.8 (3.3-13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6 (3-9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1 (35.5-61.0) cm long, 1.2 (0.4-3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42-93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0-54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0-20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16 (11-27)° with the rachis. Inflorescences spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8 (5.0-29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4 (12.5-59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4 (1.1-10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1 (4.5-33.0) cm long, 5.7 (3.6-11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2 (7.5-85.0) cm long, 9.4 (6.2-16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved; fruits compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3 (11.5-29.2) mm long, 11.1 (6.6-14.6) mm diameter. (Henderson, A.J. 2012)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.

Pholidostachys pulchra shares with P. panamensis a spicate inflorescence and unequal prophyll and peduncular bract. It is a widespread and variable species.

Subspecific variation. Pholidostachys pulchra occurs in at least six geographically separate populations. However, no subspecific division is made here for two reasons. It is not clear if the gaps between some of the populations are artifacts of insufficient collecting, and in most cases there are too few specimens to test for differences amongst populations.

Culture

Filtered light, warm, sheltered and moist. Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a minimum

Comments and Curiosities

Etymology: The specific epithet; from the Latin, meaning "beautiful, fair or pretty."

"Great understory palm from central America (mostly Nicuargua)... it eventually grows up to 25' but I have never seen one much taller than 6'. Very slow palms. Have thin (2-3") stems and sparse, irregularly pinnate crowns with maroon to orange new leaves. Most Pholidostachys in cultivation are probably this species, as the other 3 species are very rare in cultivation.. however they all look so much alike (only differ in minute floral details) that most are just labeled as 'sp.'. Not cold hardy! Too bad." (Geoff Stein)

This palm looks just like a very big Geonoma, and has stunning RED new leaves. The leaflets are very broad and of different widths, giving it a striking appearance, quite different from most other palms. It is occasionally clustering and produces spicate infructescences carrying quite large fruits. A perfect choice for a shady, tropical or subtropical garden. (RPS.com)



External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).

Henderson, A.J. 2012. A revision of Pholidostachys (Arecaceae).


Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

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