Difference between revisions of "Kentiopsis piersoniorum"

From Palmpedia - Palm Grower's Guide
Jump to: navigation, search
 
(39 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
*[http://www2.palmpedia.net/wiki/Category:Palms_of_New_Caledonia SUB CATEGORY PALMS OF NEW CALEDONIA]
 
 
__noeditsection__
 
__noeditsection__
<google>CH02</google>
 
[[Image:Imgflore18460_2c920f.jpg|thumb|left|500px|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.]]
 
 
{{Palmbox
 
{{Palmbox
|image=Imgflore18463_5743d3.jpg
+
|image=Imgflore18467_b22b80.jpg
 
|image_caption=East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
|image_caption=East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
|genus='''''Kentiopsis'''''
+
|genus=Kentiopsis (Kent-ee-OHP-sis)
|species='''''piersoniorum'''''
+
|species=<br>piersoniorum <br>(peer-sohn-ee-OR-uhm)
 
|subspecies=
 
|subspecies=
 
|cultivar=
 
|cultivar=
Line 22: Line 19:
 
|common_names=Mackea champagne Palm
 
|common_names=Mackea champagne Palm
 
}}
 
}}
{{Palm Page}}
 
 
==Habitat and Distribution==
 
==Habitat and Distribution==
Endemic to New Caledonia, Kentiopsis piersoniorum, occurs in a very limited area on the east slope of Mt Panié, where it mainly occupies one valley, and adjacent hills and ridges, at an elevation of between (400+)500-800(-1000) meters. Kentiopsis piersoniorum grows as an emergent, gregarious, dominant, exposed tree, in shrubbery to forested vegetation, on steep slopes and ridges in schists. Associated palm species include Basselinia velutina, Chambeyronia lepidota, Cyphokentia cerifera, and Clinosperma lanuginosa. Mass germination occurs in the dense stands. The two aceessible individuals from which all collections have been made (including Moore's), at 570 m. elevation on the trail to the summit of Mt Panié, have flowered once in two years (1995-1996), and the large proportion of sterile individuals, in the main population on the opposite ridge southward, suggests that flowering may be normally biennial, or even more infrequent, with the production of only a single inflorescence each time.
+
Endemic to New Caledonia, Kentiopsis piersoniorum, occurs in a very limited [[image:C0a6d77b-546f-47ad-987d-bd3cbb13a1f8.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Mt Panie, New Caledonia. Photo by Dr. William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.]]area on the east slope of Mt Panié, where it mainly occupies one valley, and adjacent hills and ridges, at an elevation of between (400+) 500-800 (-1000) meters. Kentiopsis piersoniorum grows as an emergent, gregarious, dominant, exposed tree, in shrubbery to forested vegetation, on steep slopes and ridges in schists. Associated palm species include Basselinia velutina, Chambeyronia lepidota, Cyphokentia cerifera, and Clinosperma lanuginosa. Mass germination occurs in the dense stands. The two aceessible individuals from which all collections have been made (including Moore's), at 570 m. elevation on the trail to the summit of Mt Panié, have flowered once in two years (1995-1996), and the large proportion of sterile individuals, in the main population on the opposite ridge southward, suggests that flowering may be normally biennial, or even more infrequent, with the production of only a single inflorescence each time. (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb.
 +
 
 
==Description==
 
==Description==
 
It was at one time refered to as "Mackea champagne", due its wide color range - powder blue-green leaves, pinkish petiole, yellow petiole base, and mint green base.
 
It was at one time refered to as "Mackea champagne", due its wide color range - powder blue-green leaves, pinkish petiole, yellow petiole base, and mint green base.
  
An emergent palm. Trunk 10-15 m. tall or more, 18-25 cm. in diam., gray, sometimes with an expanded base. Crown holds l0-12 leaves, sharply recurved; crownshaft 80-120 cm. long, purplish-green to purple, obscured by a layer of bright glaucous wax, and dotted with tiny brown scales abaxially, only slightly splitting opposite petiole and there bearing small auricles 1 cm long; petiole 12-18 cm. long, rachis 2.2-2.3 m. long, petiole and rachis purplish, covered initially by dense short white tomentum, then glabrescent; pinnae 35-40 on each side, median ones 110 X 3-4.5 cm., proximal 2 pairs continuing into lorae, all straight, narrowly acute, coriaceous, l-ribbed, ascending in a narrow V, adaxially waxy, glaucous-green, midrib bearing abaxially twisted brown ramenta on proximal l/2 to 3/4 of the pinnae. Inflorescences 80-100 cm. wide, spreading, branched to three orders, all parts except flowers and bracts strikingly glaucous and discretely spotted, with minute, brown scales; peduncle short, encircling half the trunk; prophyll 60-70 X 20 cm., acute, with marginal wings 2-5 cm. wide; first peduncular bract 60-70 X 15-18 cm. rostrate, both bracts densely covered abaxially with brown indument; rachis 30 cm. long, main branches 6-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, ± rounded, swollen at base; bracts subtending branches small, triangular proximally, reduced to a low ridge distally; rachillae 100-200 or more, 35 cm. long, 0.5 cm. in diameter, straight to reflexed, rounded, glabrous. Flowers in triads in proximal 2/3-3/4 of rachilla, bract subtending triads a thin, sharpedged, rounded shelf 1.5-1.75 mm. high; flowers glossy, dark brown in bud, flowering basipetally; staminate flowers in bud 9.5 X 4.5 mm., bullet-shaped, slightly asymmetrical; calyx 4 X 6 mm., cupular, triangular, sepals cup-shaped, rounded or truncate apically, strongly angled abaxially; petals 8 X 4.5 mm., long-ovateo connate in basal l/4-1/3, pink adaxially; stamens 35-38, exceeding petals, filaments 5 mm. long, slender, white, attenuate apically, straight or inflexed, free or nearly so, anthers 4-4.5 mm. long, slender, dorsifixed 1.5 mm. from base, connective narrow tanniniferous; pistillode 3.5-4 mm. high, 2/3 as high to equalling filaments, conic basally, attenuate apically; outer bracteole surrounding pistillate flower conspicuous, 2.5 mm. high, inner bracteole very large, sepal-like, 4.5 mm. high, only partly surrounding flower on one side, rounded; pistillate flowers at anthesis 10 X 5 mm., ovoid-elongate; calyx 5 X 5.5 mm., cupshaped, sepals broadly rounded apically; petals cup-shaped, acute apically; staminodes 6, thick, connate basally and forming a crownlike ring 0.6 mm. high; gynoecium 6 X 4 mm at anthesis, ovoid, stigmatic lobes thick, blunt, straight at anthesis, recurved later, angled, ovule pendulous. Fruits 17-23 x 9-10 mm., cylindrical and smooth when fresh, purplish, drying bulletshaped and pebbled, fruiting perianth 6.5 mm. high, stigmatic remains apical; mesocarp with a layer offlat, mostly separate, longitudinal fibers included in a thick layer of tannin cells; endocarp thin. Seeds 10-15 x 6.5-7 mm., bullet-shaped but truncate at both ends, endosperm homogeneous. Seedling with deeply bifid eophyll, lobes narrowly lanceolate to 15 cm. long, with prominent nerves adaxially; trunkless juvenile individuals with spirally arranged leaves; saxophone growth absent.  Anthesis occurs from November through April; fruits mature from August through October.
+
An emergent palm. Trunk 10-15 m. tall or more, 18-25 cm. in diam., gray, sometimes with an expanded base. Crown holds l0-12 leaves, sharply recurved; crownshaft 80-120 cm. long, purplish-green to purple, obscured by a layer of bright glaucous wax, and dotted with tiny brown scales abaxially, only slightly splitting opposite petiole and there bearing small auricles 1 cm long; petiole 12-18 cm. long, rachis 2.2-2.3 m. long, petiole and rachis purplish, covered initially by dense short white tomentum, then glabrescent; pinnae 35-40 on each side, median ones 110 X 3-4.5 cm., proximal 2 pairs continuing into lorae, all straight, narrowly acute, coriaceous, l-ribbed, ascending in a narrow V, adaxially waxy, glaucous-green, midrib bearing abaxially twisted brown ramenta on proximal l/2 to 3/4 of the pinnae. Inflorescences 80-100 cm. wide, spreading, branched to three orders, all parts except flowers and bracts strikingly glaucous and discretely spotted, with minute, brown scales; peduncle short, encircling half the trunk; prophyll 60-70 X 20 cm., acute, with marginal wings 2-5 cm. wide; first peduncular bract 60-70 X 15-18 cm. rostrate, both bracts densely covered abaxially with brown indument; rachis 30 cm. long, main branches 6-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, ± rounded, swollen at base; bracts subtending branches small, triangular proximally, reduced to a low ridge distally; rachillae 100-200 or more, 35 cm. long, 0.5 cm. in diameter, straight to reflexed, rounded, glabrous. Flowers in triads in proximal 2/3-3/4 of rachilla, bract subtending triads a thin, sharpedged, rounded shelf 1.5-1.75 mm. high; flowers glossy, dark brown in bud, flowering basipetally; staminate flowers in bud 9.5 X 4.5 mm., bullet-shaped, slightly asymmetrical; calyx 4 X 6 mm., cupular, triangular, sepals cup-shaped, rounded or truncate apically, strongly angled abaxially; petals 8 X 4.5 mm., long-ovateo connate in basal l/4-1/3, pink adaxially; stamens 35-38, exceeding petals, filaments 5 mm. long, slender, white, attenuate apically, straight or inflexed, free or nearly so, anthers 4-4.5 mm. long, slender, dorsifixed 1.5 mm. from base, connective narrow tanniniferous; pistillode 3.5-4 mm. high, 2/3 as high to equalling filaments, conic basally, attenuate apically; outer bracteole surrounding pistillate flower conspicuous, 2.5 mm. high, inner bracteole very large, sepal-like, 4.5 mm. high, only partly surrounding flower on one side, rounded; pistillate flowers at anthesis 10 X 5 mm., ovoid-elongate; calyx 5 X 5.5 mm., cupshaped, sepals broadly rounded apically; petals cup-shaped, acute apically; staminodes 6, thick, connate basally and forming a crownlike ring 0.6 mm. high; gynoecium 6 X 4 mm at anthesis, ovoid, stigmatic lobes thick, blunt, straight at anthesis, recurved later, angled, ovule pendulous. Fruits 17-23 x 9-10 mm., cylindrical and smooth when fresh, purplish, drying bullet-shaped and pebbled, fruiting perianth 6.5 mm. high, stigmatic remains apical; mesocarp with a layer offlat, mostly separate, longitudinal fibers included in a thick layer of tannin cells; endocarp thin. Seeds 10-15 x 6.5-7 mm., bullet-shaped but truncate at both ends, endosperm homogeneous. Seedling with deeply bifid eophyll, lobes narrowly lanceolate to 15 cm. long, with prominent nerves adaxially; trunkless juvenile individuals with spirally arranged leaves; saxophone growth absent.  Anthesis occurs from November through April; fruits mature from August through October. (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.
 
+
{{read more top}}
Kentiopsis piersoniorum is an impressive and spectacular palm. The sharply recurved grayish leaves and glaucous crownshaft are remarkable, even among the many palm species with recurved leaves on Mt Panié, the strikingly glaucous color of the inflorescence contrasts aesthetically, with the glossy brown buds, pink petals, white filaments, and yellow anthers of the staminate flowers. Unfortunately for visitors, the breathtaking populations of K. piersoniorum are hardly accessible. Kentiopsis piersoniorurn is distinctive by the complete staminodial ring, but also by its low rate of reproduction and long delay, (one month) between anthesis of staminate and pistillate flowers in the same triad. Kentiopsis piersoniorum resembles K. magnifica in inflorescence morphology, both species having stout glaucous and sparsely scaly branches, glossy-brown buds and unequal bracteoles, the inner one sepal-like, but they differ markedly in flower shape and structure, leaf shape, and indument. The two species occur about 50 air kilometers apart. Taxonomic history: H. E. Moore, Jr. first collected this species in 1971. Despite vegetative differences, Moore assigned it to Mackeea rnagnifica, basinghis decision on his incomplete collection consisting only of immature fruits. We were able to collect this palm in flower in 1995-I996, the more complete material showing it to be a distinct species.
+
Kentiopsis piersoniorum is an impressive and spectacular palm. The sharply recurved grayish leaves and glaucous crownshaft are remarkable, even among the many palm species with recurved leaves on Mt Panié, the strikingly glaucous color of the inflorescence contrasts aesthetically, with the glossy brown buds, pink petals, white filaments, and yellow anthers of the staminate flowers. Unfortunately for visitors, the breathtaking populations of K. piersoniorum are hardly accessible. Kentiopsis piersoniorurn is distinctive by the complete staminodial ring, but also by its low rate of reproduction and long delay, (one month) between anthesis of staminate and pistillate flowers in the same triad. Kentiopsis piersoniorum resembles K. magnifica in inflorescence morphology, both species having stout glaucous and sparsely scaly branches, glossy-brown buds and unequal bracteoles, the inner one sepal-like, but they differ markedly in flower shape and structure, leaf shape, and indument. The two species occur about 50 air kilometers apart. Taxonomic history: H. E. Moore, Jr. first collected this species in 1971. Despite vegetative differences, Moore assigned it to Mackeea rnagnifica, basinghis decision on his incomplete collection consisting only of immature fruits. We were able to collect this palm in flower in 1995-I996, the more complete material showing it to be a distinct species. (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb.
 +
{{read more bottom}}
 
==Culture==
 
==Culture==
 
Sunny, moist, but well drained position. Likes lots of moisture. Adapts easily to cultivation in tropical as well as many warm temperate climates, but is slow growing. Anthesis occurs from November through April; fruits mature from August through October.  It's suggested flowering might be normally biennial or even more infrequent with the production of only a single inflorescence each time. It is very rare in cultivation due to its slow growth.
 
Sunny, moist, but well drained position. Likes lots of moisture. Adapts easily to cultivation in tropical as well as many warm temperate climates, but is slow growing. Anthesis occurs from November through April; fruits mature from August through October.  It's suggested flowering might be normally biennial or even more infrequent with the production of only a single inflorescence each time. It is very rare in cultivation due to its slow growth.
==Curiosities==
+
<center>
Conservation: Status is low risk but conservation dependant (LRcd, proposed according to IUCN [1994]). Although very abundant at the place where it occurs, K. piersoniorum is restricted to several hundred hectares of forest only. The population of K. piersoniorum is afforded some protection, especially against fire, since it occurs entirely in the Mt Panié Botanical Reserve where its habitat is undisturbed and difficult to access.
+
[[{{PFC}}http://www.palmpedia.net/palmsforcal/index.php5/Kentiopsis_piersoniorum]]
 +
</center>
 +
==Comments and Curiosities==
 +
THIS IS THE ONLY KENTIOPSIS THAT DOES NOT EXIBIT SAXOPHONE STYLE ROOT GROWTH, IT IS NOT A TILLERING PALM (it doesn't have a heel).
 +
{{read more top}}
 +
Conservation: Status is low risk but conservation dependant (LRcd, proposed according to IUCN [1994]). Although very abundant at the place where it occurs, K. piersoniorum is restricted to several hundred hectares of forest only. The population of K. piersoniorum is afforded some protection, especially against fire, since it occurs entirely in the Mt Panié Botanical Reserve where its habitat is undisturbed and difficult to access.  (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb.
  
The epithet honors the Pierson families, Robert and Geneviéve of Tontouta and their sons and daughters-in-law, Jean and Chantal, and Gilles and Marie-Christine of Noum6ao, who have gone to exceptional measures to increase our knowledge of New Caledonia palms, and encourage and support our work, leading to a book on this island's extraordinary palms.  
+
Etymology: The epithet honors the Pierson families, Robert and Geneviéve of Tontouta and their sons and daughters-in-law, Jean and Chantal, and Gilles and Marie-Christine of Noum6ao, who have gone to exceptional measures to increase our knowledge of New Caledonia palms, and encourage and support our work, leading to a book on this island's extraordinary palms. (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb.
==External Links==
+
*http://nzpalmandcycad.com/?pg=96
+
*http://southeastgarden.com/new-caledonia.html
+
*[http://www.flickriver.com/photos/morabeza79/sets/72157594455840082/ New Caledonia photos in habitat.]
+
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4YLWjNvhX4 Bill Sanford's video 1]
+
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_aBYZ1X_d8 Bill Sanford's video 2]
+
==References==
+
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos, edric.
+
  
<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="3" widths="200px" heights="200px">
+
A spectacular and exceedingly rare palm found only in one small area of rainforest between 400 and 1000 m in northern New Caledonia. It forms a slender trunk to 15 m tall with a dense crown of strongly recurving, deeply keeled, grayish green leaves, held by a very distinctive, prominent, waxy, purplish gray crownshaft. It is one of the most beautiful and elegant palms from New Caledonia and adapts easily to cultivation in tropical as well as many warm temperate climates but is slow growing and only a few plants exist outside of its natural habitat. RPS.com)
 +
{{read more bottom}}
 +
 
 +
<br clear="all">
 +
{{#Widget:AdResban}}
 +
<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights="">
 +
image:C0a6d77b-546f-47ad-987d-bd3cbb13a1f8.jpg|Mt Panie, New Caledonia. Photo by Dr. William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
 
Image:Kentiopsis Piersorniorum.JPG|Garden of Jeff & Suchin Marcus.
 
Image:Kentiopsis Piersorniorum.JPG|Garden of Jeff & Suchin Marcus.
 
Image:Kp-km-dm-9-20-07 004.jpg
 
Image:Kp-km-dm-9-20-07 004.jpg
 
Image:Kentov.jpg|Lundkvist Palm Garden, Leilani Estates, HI.
 
Image:Kentov.jpg|Lundkvist Palm Garden, Leilani Estates, HI.
 
Image:Kentcs.jpg
 
Image:Kentcs.jpg
Image:K. piersoniorum1.jpg|thumb|Bill Sanford's container ranch, CA.
+
Image:K. piersoniorum1.jpg|Bill Sanford's container ranch, CA.
 +
image:KpIMG_4629.jpg|At Gary Le Vines place. Escondito, CA. Photo by Troy Donovan
 
image:Imgflore18467_b22b80.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18467_b22b80.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18466_3c654e.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18466_3c654e.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18455_ee72d3.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18455_ee72d3.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18456_9209b4.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18456_9209b4.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
image:Imgflore18460_2c920f.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
+
image:Imgflore18460_2c920fz.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18461_c67298.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18461_c67298.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18457_124ce9.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18457_124ce9.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
Line 63: Line 65:
 
image:Imgflore18462_1027a3.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18462_1027a3.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18463_5743d3.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
 
image:Imgflore18463_5743d3.jpg|East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
image:KenPie.jpg|New Caledonia.
+
image:Piersoniorum.jpg|New Caledonia. Photo by Mike Gray
image:KenPie2.jpg|New Caledonia.
+
image:Piersoniorum02.jpg|New Caledonia.Photo by Mike Gray
image:KenPie3.jpg|New Caledonia.
+
image:Piersoniorum03.jpg|New Caledonia.Photo by Mike Gray
image:KenPie4.jpg|New Caledonia.
+
image:KpP1080402.jpg|Gold Coast Hinterland, Queensland. Australia. Photo by Daryl O'Connor.
image:Piersoniorum.jpg|New Caledonia. Photo by Mike Gray, edric.
+
File:piers-snake1.jpg|Gold Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Daryl O'Connor.
image:Piersoniorum02.jpg|New Caledonia.Photo by Mike Gray, edric.
+
File:piers-snake2.jpg|Gold Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Daryl O'Connor.
image:Piersoniorum03.jpg|New Caledonia.Photo by Mike Gray, edric.
+
File:piers3.jpg|Gold Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Daryl O'Connor.
image:
+
File:post-42-1224502506.jpg|Gold Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Daryl O'Connor.
image:
+
File:post-42-0-07136200-1432775601.jpg|Gold Coast Hinterland, Queensland, Australia. Photo by Daryl O'Connor.
image:
+
File:61229e2.jpg|Floribunda Nursery, Hawaii. Perhaps the largest K. piersoniorum outside New Caledonia. Photo by Geoff Stein.
image:
+
File:2d8651.jpg|At Gary Le Vines place. Escondito, CA. Photo by Geoff Stein.
image:
+
File:8f89ff.jpg|Photo by Geoff Stein.
image:
+
File:kpIMG_1391.jpg|Hawaii. Photo by Jason Dunn.
image:
+
 
image:
+
 
image:
+
image:KenPie.jpg|New Caledonia. Rare Palm Seeds.com
image:
+
image:KenPie2.jpg|New Caledonia. Rare Palm Seeds.com
image:
+
image:KenPie3.jpg|New Caledonia. Rare Palm Seeds.com
image:
+
 
 +
image:KenPie4.jpg|New Caledonia. Rare Palm Seeds.com
 +
File:post-7381-0-71978400-1419942652.jpg|Sunshine coast, Queensland, Australia. Leo Gamble's place. Photo by Paul Latzias.
 +
File:post-7381-0-01439900-1420017265.jpg|Sunshine coast, Queensland, Australia. Leo Gamble's place. Photo by Paul Latzias.
 +
File:post-7381-0-09334100-1420017294.jpg|Sunshine coast, Queensland, Australia. Leo Gamble's place. Photo by Paul Latzias.
 +
File:post-7381-0-05739200-1420017346.jpg|Sunshine coast, Queensland, Australia. Leo Gamble's place. Photo by Paul Latzias.
 +
File:post-7381-0-32439300-1420017388.jpg|Sunshine coast, Queensland, Australia. Leo Gamble's place. Photo by Paul Latzias.
 
</gallery></center>
 
</gallery></center>
{{SpeciesListBackLink}]
+
==External Links==
 +
*[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms]
 +
*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
 +
*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
 +
*http://nzpalmandcycad.com/?pg=96
 +
*http://southeastgarden.com/new-caledonia.html
 +
*[http://www.flickriver.com/photos/morabeza79/sets/72157594455840082/ New Caledonia photos in habitat.]
 +
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4YLWjNvhX4 Bill Sanford's video 1]
 +
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_aBYZ1X_d8 Bill Sanford's video 2]
 +
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=4BkPD17nA8M At Gary Le Vine's place. Video by Troy Donovan.]
 +
*http://www.palmtalk.org/forum/index.php?/topic/5514-kentiopsis-piersoniorum/
 +
*https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWlBJYIj0J4&feature=youtu.be
 +
*https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdcZjRpYWws&feature=youtu.be
 +
==References==
 +
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
 +
 
 +
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
 +
 +
Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
 +
 
 +
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
 +
 
 +
Pintaud, J.-C. & Hodel, D. 1998. A Revision of Kentiopsis, a Genus Endemic to New Caledonia. Principes 42(1) 32-33, 41-53.
 +
 
 +
{{SpeciesListBackLink}}
 
[[Category:Palms of New Caledonia]]
 
[[Category:Palms of New Caledonia]]
 
[[Category:KENTIOPSIS|pyriformis]]
 
[[Category:KENTIOPSIS|pyriformis]]

Latest revision as of 08:52, 24 May 2019

Kentiopsis (Kent-ee-OHP-sis)
piersoniorum
(peer-sohn-ee-OR-uhm)
Imgflore18467 b22b80.jpg
East side of Mont Panié. Alt. 700 m., New Caledonia.
Scientific Classification
Genus: Kentiopsis (Kent-ee-OHP-sis)
Species:
piersoniorum
(peer-sohn-ee-OR-uhm)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
Oceania
Oceania.gif
Morphology
Habit: Solitary
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
Mackea champagne Palm

Habitat and Distribution

Endemic to New Caledonia, Kentiopsis piersoniorum, occurs in a very limited
Mt Panie, New Caledonia. Photo by Dr. William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
area on the east slope of Mt Panié, where it mainly occupies one valley, and adjacent hills and ridges, at an elevation of between (400+) 500-800 (-1000) meters. Kentiopsis piersoniorum grows as an emergent, gregarious, dominant, exposed tree, in shrubbery to forested vegetation, on steep slopes and ridges in schists. Associated palm species include Basselinia velutina, Chambeyronia lepidota, Cyphokentia cerifera, and Clinosperma lanuginosa. Mass germination occurs in the dense stands. The two aceessible individuals from which all collections have been made (including Moore's), at 570 m. elevation on the trail to the summit of Mt Panié, have flowered once in two years (1995-1996), and the large proportion of sterile individuals, in the main population on the opposite ridge southward, suggests that flowering may be normally biennial, or even more infrequent, with the production of only a single inflorescence each time. (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb.

Description

It was at one time refered to as "Mackea champagne", due its wide color range - powder blue-green leaves, pinkish petiole, yellow petiole base, and mint green base.

An emergent palm. Trunk 10-15 m. tall or more, 18-25 cm. in diam., gray, sometimes with an expanded base. Crown holds l0-12 leaves, sharply recurved; crownshaft 80-120 cm. long, purplish-green to purple, obscured by a layer of bright glaucous wax, and dotted with tiny brown scales abaxially, only slightly splitting opposite petiole and there bearing small auricles 1 cm long; petiole 12-18 cm. long, rachis 2.2-2.3 m. long, petiole and rachis purplish, covered initially by dense short white tomentum, then glabrescent; pinnae 35-40 on each side, median ones 110 X 3-4.5 cm., proximal 2 pairs continuing into lorae, all straight, narrowly acute, coriaceous, l-ribbed, ascending in a narrow V, adaxially waxy, glaucous-green, midrib bearing abaxially twisted brown ramenta on proximal l/2 to 3/4 of the pinnae. Inflorescences 80-100 cm. wide, spreading, branched to three orders, all parts except flowers and bracts strikingly glaucous and discretely spotted, with minute, brown scales; peduncle short, encircling half the trunk; prophyll 60-70 X 20 cm., acute, with marginal wings 2-5 cm. wide; first peduncular bract 60-70 X 15-18 cm. rostrate, both bracts densely covered abaxially with brown indument; rachis 30 cm. long, main branches 6-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, ± rounded, swollen at base; bracts subtending branches small, triangular proximally, reduced to a low ridge distally; rachillae 100-200 or more, 35 cm. long, 0.5 cm. in diameter, straight to reflexed, rounded, glabrous. Flowers in triads in proximal 2/3-3/4 of rachilla, bract subtending triads a thin, sharpedged, rounded shelf 1.5-1.75 mm. high; flowers glossy, dark brown in bud, flowering basipetally; staminate flowers in bud 9.5 X 4.5 mm., bullet-shaped, slightly asymmetrical; calyx 4 X 6 mm., cupular, triangular, sepals cup-shaped, rounded or truncate apically, strongly angled abaxially; petals 8 X 4.5 mm., long-ovateo connate in basal l/4-1/3, pink adaxially; stamens 35-38, exceeding petals, filaments 5 mm. long, slender, white, attenuate apically, straight or inflexed, free or nearly so, anthers 4-4.5 mm. long, slender, dorsifixed 1.5 mm. from base, connective narrow tanniniferous; pistillode 3.5-4 mm. high, 2/3 as high to equalling filaments, conic basally, attenuate apically; outer bracteole surrounding pistillate flower conspicuous, 2.5 mm. high, inner bracteole very large, sepal-like, 4.5 mm. high, only partly surrounding flower on one side, rounded; pistillate flowers at anthesis 10 X 5 mm., ovoid-elongate; calyx 5 X 5.5 mm., cupshaped, sepals broadly rounded apically; petals cup-shaped, acute apically; staminodes 6, thick, connate basally and forming a crownlike ring 0.6 mm. high; gynoecium 6 X 4 mm at anthesis, ovoid, stigmatic lobes thick, blunt, straight at anthesis, recurved later, angled, ovule pendulous. Fruits 17-23 x 9-10 mm., cylindrical and smooth when fresh, purplish, drying bullet-shaped and pebbled, fruiting perianth 6.5 mm. high, stigmatic remains apical; mesocarp with a layer offlat, mostly separate, longitudinal fibers included in a thick layer of tannin cells; endocarp thin. Seeds 10-15 x 6.5-7 mm., bullet-shaped but truncate at both ends, endosperm homogeneous. Seedling with deeply bifid eophyll, lobes narrowly lanceolate to 15 cm. long, with prominent nerves adaxially; trunkless juvenile individuals with spirally arranged leaves; saxophone growth absent. Anthesis occurs from November through April; fruits mature from August through October. (J.-C. Pintaud and D. Hodel. 1998)/Palmweb. Editing by edric.

Culture

Sunny, moist, but well drained position. Likes lots of moisture. Adapts easily to cultivation in tropical as well as many warm temperate climates, but is slow growing. Anthesis occurs from November through April; fruits mature from August through October. It's suggested flowering might be normally biennial or even more infrequent with the production of only a single inflorescence each time. It is very rare in cultivation due to its slow growth.

PFC for PP.png

Comments and Curiosities

THIS IS THE ONLY KENTIOPSIS THAT DOES NOT EXIBIT SAXOPHONE STYLE ROOT GROWTH, IT IS NOT A TILLERING PALM (it doesn't have a heel).



External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).

Pintaud, J.-C. & Hodel, D. 1998. A Revision of Kentiopsis, a Genus Endemic to New Caledonia. Principes 42(1) 32-33, 41-53.


Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

Banner1B
Back to Palm Encyclopedia


Retrieved from "https://palmpedia.net/wiki/index.php5?title=Kentiopsis_piersoniorum&oldid=170088"