Hydriastele ledermanniana

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Hydriastele (high-dree-Ah-STEL-eh)
ledermanniana
(leh-dehr-mahn'-ee-ahn-ah)
Hl297856443.JPG
Hydriastele ledermanniana. A. Crown. B. Inflorescence with pistillate flowers. C. Portions of rachillae with triads. D. Portions of rachillae with pistillate flowers. E. Portion of rachilla with fruit. A, C, E from Baker et al. 1316; B, D from Banka 2000. All photos: W.J. Baker. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.
Scientific Classification
Genus: Hydriastele (high-dree-Ah-STEL-eh)
Species:
ledermanniana
(leh-dehr-mahn'-ee-ahn-ah)
Synonyms
Old name-Kentia ledermanniana (1923), Gronophyllum ledermannianum (1963).
Native Continent
Oceania
Oceania.gif
Morphology
Habit: Solitary
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
Aidjaka (Tari), Gamu (Unknown dialect), Limbom (Pidgin), Kawoisch (Mendi), Pipi (Kotte), Tuwenpeh (Wapi), Uwo (Wagu), Yauwi (Kagua)

Habitat and Distribution

Endemic to New Guinea. Distribution:—Recorded from the Huon Peninsula and the
Hydriastele ledermanniana. A. Crown. B. Inflorescence with pistillate flowers. C. Portions of rachillae with triads. D. Portions of rachillae with pistillate flowers. E. Portion of rachilla with fruit. A, C, E from Baker et al. 1316; B, D from Banka 2000. All photos: W.J. Baker. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.
central highlands of Papua New Guinea, and the Cyclops Mountains.

Habitat:—Primary or secondary, premontane to montane rainforest, on spurs and ridgetops, 700–1950 m. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.

Description

Solitary, robust to very robust, emergent palm to 30 m tall, bearing 15–19 leaves in crown. Stem 20–35 cm in diam.; internode 2.5–10 cm long. Leaf 2–3.5 m long including petiole; sheath 58–200 cm long, the upper portion with a thin layer of lanate, orange-brown indumentum, crownshaft 90–250 × 15–40 cm; petiole 30–80 cm long, flattened adaxially; rachis arcuate; leaflets 38–51 per side, arranged regularly, ascending and ± drooping at their tips, linear, with or without ramenta on the abaxial, basal portion of the midrib; basal leaflets single-fold (rarely multi-fold), obliquely praemorse apically; middle leaflets 70–130 × 2.5–5 cm, single-fold, obliquely to truncately praemorse apically; terminal leaflets comprising 2–4 folds, truncately praemorse apically. Inflorescence (50–)65–120 cm long including 6–15 cm peduncle, branched to 2(–3) orders, protandrous; rachillae 23–66; triads 7–17 mm apart, opposite and decussate; inflorescences 5–11 present. Staminate flower 12–18 × 2–6 mm in bud, cream; stamens 9–13. Pistillate flower 7–8 × 4–5 mm in bud, cream, with free sepals and free petals with conspicuous, triangular and valvate tips. Fruit about 15–15.5 × 10–10.5 mm when ripe, broadly ellipsoid, brown to red, with a distinct, dark, sclerotic zone encircling apical stigmatic remains (up to about 4 mm in diam.). Seed about 10 × 8 mm, broadly ellipsoid; endosperm homogeneous. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.

Recognized by a streak of white down the center of the rachis.

Culture

Cold Hardiness Zone: 10b

Comments and Curiosities

Notes:—Hydriastele ledermanniana is a solitary, robust canopy emergent with a non-ventricose stem and a crown consisting of arching leaves. It is distinguished by its protandrous inflorescences with 6–15 cm long peduncles. Hydriastele ledermanniana is most similar to H. gibbsiana and H. calcicola but those species have short peduncles (3–5 cm in length) and in addition the former is ventricose whereas the latter is less robust. Vegetatively, H. ledermanniana can be confused with the protogynous palm H. longispatha, but it has 57–70 leaflets on each side of the rachis (rarely as few as 48 per side), whereas H. ledermanniana has 38–51 leaflets on each side of the rachis. We failed to locate type material of H. ledermanniana and conclude that it was destroyed during the bombing of the Berlin Herbarium in 1943. Therefore, we designate a neotype here. We chose Hoogland 10934 because it matches the description in the protologue of H. ledermanniana and was collected from the type locality. We studied extensive collections, including type specimens, of H. mayrii, H. chaunostachys and H. ledermanniana. Burret (1933) noted that the difference between H. mayrii and H. ledermanniana is in the presence of strongly, apically sinuous inflorescence branches in the latter. Our neotype of H. ledermanniana does in fact display rachillae with some degree of sinuousness, but we render this too trivial a difference to merit the maintenance of H. mayrii. As noted by Burret (1936d), the type of H. chaunostachys has a much longer inflorescence (120 cm) than the destroyed type of H. ledermanniana (80 cm; Beccari 1923), but modern collections bridge the gap between these measurements (e.g. 100 cm in Banka 2000) and other differences described by Burret (1936d). Consequently, we place H. mayrii and H. chaunostachys into synonymy under H. ledermanniana here. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.


Uses:—Leaves used for thatch, the split trunk used for flooring, inflorescences used for brooms, and fruits used as a betel nut substitute. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.

Vernacular names:—Aidjaka (Tari), Gamu (Unknown dialect), Limbom (Pidgin), Kawoisch (Mendi), Pipi (Kotte), Tuwenpeh (Wapi), Uwo (Wagu), Yauwi (Kagua) PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.

Conservation status:—Least Concern (LC). This species is widespread (EOO > 170,000 km2) and has been recorded as common at several localities. The relatively low AOO (48 km2) is most likely due to under-collecting with this figure expected to increase. PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.

Special note! When they changed the name to Hydriastele, they changed the species name back to the old 1923 name ledermanniana.



External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).

PETER PETOE, CHARLIE D. HEATUBUN & WILLIAM J. BAKER Phytotaxa 370 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press.


Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

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