Wallichia caryotoides

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Wallichia (wahl-lik-EE-ah) caryotoides
(kahr-ee-oh-toh-EE-dehs}
20903498111 96986ce994 oSierraSunrise.jpg
Photo: SierraSunrise
Scientific Classification
Genus: Wallichia (wahl-lik-EE-ah)
Species: caryotoides
(kahr-ee-oh-toh-EE-dehs}
Synonyms
Wallichia mooreana, Wallichia siamensis.
Native Continent
Asia
Asia.gif
Morphology
Habit: Clustering
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
Chilputta (Bangladesh), qin ye wa li zong, walizong (China), saingpa, zanong (Myanmar), kuang denj, taou-rung-nu (Thailand).

Habitat and Distribution

Bangladesh, China (Yunnan), India (Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura),
Photo: SierraSunrise
Myanmar (Kachin, Mon, Rakhine, Sagaing), and Thailand (North). Lowland to montane rain forest, especially in rocky places on steep slopes; at 100-1800 m elevation.

Description

Stems clustered, to 3 m tall, 2-10 cm in diameter, Stems bearing staminate and pistillate inflorescences about equal in length. Leaves 4-7, spirally arranged; sheaths disintegrating into black fibers, with a prominent, fibrous ligule at the apex; petioles 0.8-1.5 m long; rachis 0.9-1.5 m long; pinnae 8-12 per side of rachis, regularly and alternately arranged except for clustered proximal 2-3 pinnae, spreading in the same plane, pinnae from middle of leaf 25-49 cm long, 5-11 cm wide at widest point, widest near the middle, lanceolate, with two pronounced lobes. Inflorescences subtended by smaller leaves, unisexual, staminate and pistillate borne on the same or separate stems, the pistillate terminal the staminate lateral; staminate inflorescences 40-50 cm long, erect; prophyll 4-7 cm long; peduncle 15-30 cm long; peduncular bracts 6-8, sheathing the peduncle; rachillae 21-30, 12.5-20.5 cm long, 1.5-3 mm in diameter, glabrous; staminate flowers 5-6 mm long; sepals 1-2 mm long, connate into a cupular calyx; petals 5-6 mm long, yellow; stamens 11-16; pistillate inflorescences 40-50 cm long, erect; prophyll to 6.5 cm long; peduncle 23-24 cm long; peduncular bracts several, sheathing the peduncle; rachillae 7-17, 10-20 cm long, 2.5-4 mm in diameter; pistillate flowers to 2.5 mm long at anthesis; sepals 1 mm long; petals 2 mm long; gynoecium 2 mm long; fruits ovoid to ellipsoid, to 1.7 cm long, to 0.8 cm in diameter, red./Palmweb. (Henderson, A.J., A Revision of Wallichia (Palmae) in Taiwania 52 (1). 2007) Editing by edric.

Caespitose shrub with individual stems up to 3 m tall and 2–10 cm in diam. Leaves 4–7, spirally arranged; petiole 0.8–1.5 m long; rachis 0.9–1.5 m long, with 8–12 pinnae per side, alternate, more or less evenly spaced except basaly, and distributed in one plane, longest pinnae on the mid portion up to 50 cm long, lanceolate, with two conspicuous lobes. Male inflorescence 40–50 cm long, with up to 30 cm long peduncle, branched to the first order with about 25, up to 21 cm long rachillae, male flowers 5–6 mm long, yellow, stamens 11–16; female inflorescence 40–50 cm long, with up to 25 cm long peduncle, branched to first order, with 7–17, up to 20 cm long rachillae, female flowers up to 2.5 mm long. Fruit ellipsoid, up to 1.7 x 0.8 cm, red. (Palms of Thailand thaipalm.myspecies.info/taxonomy)

Culture

Cold Hardiness Zone: 10a

Comments and Curiosities

A rare and little-known palm, native to humid forests in the eastern Himalayas and in Yunnan in western China. It forms small clusters of short stems that hold several leaves with numerous leaflets that have jagged edges and are dark green above and silvery below. Like other species of Wallichia, it is an easy to grow plant and will succeed in many temperate as well as topical climates. It does best in the shade of an existing canopy. (RPS.com)

"Attractive stemless clustering plant with long (8') leaves shooting up out of the ground- from high elevations in India and Nepal. Looks similar to several other Wallichia species- long, jagged edged leaflets with dark on top and light on bottom." (Geoff Stein)



External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).

Henderson, A.J., A Revision of Wallichia (Palmae) in Taiwania 52(1). 2007


Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

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