Pritchardia martii
Pritchardia (pritch-AHR-dee-ah) martii (mart'-ee) | |||||||
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Loulu hiwa (sp. cf. P. rockiana) Arecaceae Seed originally from Kaipapau Valley, Oahu, 400 ft. Endemic to the Hawaiiian islands Oʻahu (Cultivated). Photo by Encyclopedia of Life curator Dr. David Eickhoff | |||||||
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Contents
Habitat and Distribution
Endemic to Hawaii. Moist to wet forests in valleys and on exposed ridges and cliffs, Koolau Mountains and southern Waianae Mountains, Oahu, 300-800 m elevatIon. Loulu hiwa is endemic to Oʻahu (Koʻolau Mts., southern Waiʻanae Mts.) from about 985 to 2625 feet in wet forest valleys, slopes, exposed ridges, precipices, cliffs, and sometimes into mesic valleys. ("A Review of the Genus Pritchardia", pages S-3, S-8, S-21-22, S-27-32.)Description
To 10 m tall; proximal margins of petiole with irregularly shaped, papery ligules or wings or only a few (to rarely moderate) fibers; leaf blade slightly undulate to nearly flat, divided 1/4-1/2, abaxial surface completely covered with lepidia and appearing silvery grayish white to sometimes tinged with brown, segment tips stiff; inflorescences composed of 1-4 panicles, shorter than petioles in flower and fruit to exceeding petioles or leaf blades in flower and greatly exceeding leaf blades in fruit, panicles branched to 2 orders, rachillae clothed with dense, felt-like indumentum or glabrous; fruits 40-50 x 25-40 mm, eiiipsoid to globose to ovoid. (iucn.org) Editing by edric.
Pritchardia martii can be distinguished by its petioles with irregularly shaped, papery ligules or wings or only a few fibers proximaiiy; leaf blades completeiy covered abaxiaiiy with lepidia; rachiiiae glabrous or with felt-like indumentum; and large fruits. Pritchardia arecina is similar but differs in its petioles with an abundance fibers proximaiiy. Although poorly documented, the identities of Pritchardia martii and P. gaudichaudii are, nonetheless, inextricably linked and critical to establishing taxonomic and nomenclatural order among the Hawaiian taxa, because they are the oldest names in the genus. Gaudichaud coiiected the original material of both during the voyage of the Bonite in Hawaii in October, 1836.read more |
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The original material of Livistona martii consists of a small, perhaps juvenile leaf and old inflorescence without fruits at P and similar leaves at G and K. The material at P bears a label stating "Gaudichaud lles Sandwich" but has no date although St. John annotated the leaf in 1954 with the date "1836." The material at G and Kbear labels stating "lies Sandwich M. Gaudichaud 1839," with the date most likely being in error because Gaudichaud was not in Hawaii that year. Gaudichaud's original illustration and accompanying explanation (Voy. Bonite, Bot.: t. 58, 59. 1842.), obviously based on the specimens (although they are not cited), formally establish Livistona martii, yet they are hardly diagnostic and reveal little if anything about the nature of the species. In the first description of L. martii, however, Martius (1849) described the leaf as "subtus densegriseotomentoso- furfuraceis" in apparent reference to I the abaxialleafbiade surface being completely covered with lepidia. This critically diagnostic character, while not apparent in Gaudichaud's illustration, is present on the leaf at G, or at 5-28 ieast once was (patches of It apparently have fallen away with time). Where it is present it forms a solid cover (Fred Stauffer, pers. comm.). Because Gaudichaud's illustrations and specimens share equal ranking as original material, I have selected the Gaudichaud specimen at P as the lectotype and the specimens at G and Kas isolectotypes. Beccari (1890) contended that, based on voyage information in the log of the Bonite, Gaudichaud probably collected the original material of Pritchardia mardi and P. gaudichaudii on Oahu. If so, Gaudlchaud most likely collected them in the Koolau Mountains. The Koolau range is easily accessible from Honolulu, the major port and city on Oahu where the Bonite would have likely docked, and where Gaudicahud disembarked and spent time exploring. There are no collections from the Koolau range that have scattered lepidia incompletely covering the abaxial leaf blade surface; all collections have lepidia completely covering the blade surface. Beccari (1890) determined that, based on Gaudichaud's concept, Pritchardia martii was a larger plant with larger leaf biade segments and the abaxial surface most likely completely covered with lepidia while P. gaudichaudii was a smaller plant with smaller segments and the abaxial surface with scattered lepidia. Beccari felt that P. gaudichaudii was common in the vicinity of Honolulu and P. martH, while proving to be somewhat elusive, most certainly would eventuaily be found also on Oahu. Indeed, Beccari (Beccari & Rock 1921), after examining specimens that Rock had sent him from the Koolau range near Honolulu, described the abaxial leaf blade surface as "very densely clothed wIth an appressed felt or tomentum," thus concurring with MarHus and identifying this palm as P. martii. Martios (1849) named and described the second species, Livistona gaudichaudii, based on Gaudicahaud's 1836 coilections. It is unclear if Martius segregated out a portion of the original L. martii material that he had examined and felt was different or if the material was separate from the original. Martius distinguished L. gaudichaudii from L. martii primarily on the number of leaf blade segments, an extremely variable character of little or no merit. The type of Livistona gaudichaudii at G consists of a small, perhaps juvenile leaf with the label "Isles Sandwich M. Gaudichaud 1836", and is quite similar in size, shape and presentation to the leaves of L. martii at P, G and K. Like that of L. martii, the abaxial leaf blade surface of L. galldichalldii at G is completely covered with lepidia, or at least at one time was. Where it is present, it forms a solid cover (Fred Stauffer, pers. comm.). Beccari (Beccari & Rock 1921) surprisingly changed his mind about the origin of Pritchardia gaudichaudii, saying he could now identify this species with material that Rock had collected on the cliffs of Waialeia above Kalaupapa on Molokai, despite the fact that the log of the Bonite did not mention landing on Molokal. Beccari alleged that Rock had also seen this species on the rock islets off the north coast of Molokai but was unable to collect it there. Beccari explained how he had decided that the origin of P. galldichalldii was now Molokai rather than Oahu, as he had contended in his 1890 account. He stated, "That this Molokai palm is really one of the two collected by Gaudichaud in the Hawaiian Islands is extremely probable, in consideration of the fact that clumps of it are plainly visible from the sea, and very likely had been noticed by naturalists of the Bonite". He attempted to bolster his conclusion by stating, "But the best argument for the identification of Pr. Galldichalldii with the palm of the cliff of Molokai, rests on the perfect correspondence of the nature of the indument that covers the lower surface of the leaves of the type specimens of Pr. Gaudichaudii with that covering those collected by Rock." I feel that Beccari misinterpreted the type material of Pritchardia gaudichaudii. He did not say he saw the material at G and, if he had, it may be that he interpreted the patchy nature of the lepidia on the abaxial leaf blade surface to mean it was incompletely covered. Or, perhaps he had seen additional, different material, now lost or destroyed, that was juvenile in nature. This character (the extent of lepidia completely covering the abaxial leaf blade surface) is a function of time and age for species that possess it. It is lacking or incompletely covers abaxial leaf blade surfaces of juvenile plants; complete coverage of the blade surface, if it is to occur, develops only on older plants. Beccari also felt that the palms on the islets were the same as those on the cliffs of Molokai proper. He surmised, probably correctly, that the islets were likely once connected to Molokai. Perhaps more significantly for him, though, he stated that fruits purportedly collected by Spencer (here Beccari erroneously attributes the collector to Lydgate) on these islets, which Beccari illustrated in his 1890 account, matched perfectly with Rock's material. That Pritchardia gaudichaudii grew on these islets is highly unlikely, though, because Huelo and Mokapa islets have been recently and thoroughly explored and only P. hillebralldii has been collected there. Spencer's collections probably came from the Molokai sea cliffs or valleys, not the offshore islets. Nonetheless, Beccari and Rock (1921) placed Pritchardia gaudichaudii primarily on the windward sea cliffs and valley walls of eastern Molokai from Waialeia to Wailau valleys although they noted it also occurred on the ridges and flat areas just above and inland. There it grew with P. lowreyana, which was distinct in its "larger, ovate, conically pointed fruit, and in the different aspect of the lower surface of the leaf-blade, which is dotted with a quite different form of lepidia." In summary, it is clear that the name Pritchardia martii is best applied to material from the Koolau Range on Oahu, which like the type, has lepidia completely covering the abaxial leaf blade surface. The name P. goudichaudii is also best applied to material from the Koolau range on Oahu and, thus, is a synonym of P. mami because only one species (albeit a highly variable one) occurs there near downtown or the historic section of Honolulu. Gaudichaud most likely collected on this By far the most variable species of the genus, Pritchardia martii displays an astonishing and frustrating range of characters from one end of the Koolau Mountains to the other. Individuals clinging to the windward cliffs are typically dwarfed and stunted with much reduced, compact crowns of small leaves (Back Cover) while a short distance away, just lee of the Koolau crest and in protected valleys or swales where soU is better and deeper and moisture more constant, individuals are robust and tall with fuller, more expansive crowns of large leaves. The two forms could easily be mistaken as two, distinct species. Inflorescences range from shorter than the petioles to greatly exceeding the leaf blades. I had hoped to be able to segregate out these forms of P. martii with exceptionally long inflorescences, which occur primarily at the northwestern and southeastern ends of the Koolau range, but the existence of intermediate forms precluded me from doing so. The Koolau range is also where P. martii forms its famous vertical, line-like colonies that can extend for 100 meters or more down the neariy sheer windward cliffs. The inclusion of the famous outlier in the southern Waianae Mountains, consisting of two somewhat stunted and spindly yet reproductive individuals posed precariously at the top of a basalt cliff and one juvenile in the rocky rubble below, within Pritchardia martii is bound to be controversial. Many people feel this population, discovered in the 1980s, should be formally described and named, if for no other reason than to give it formai recognition so it can be officially assessed and assigned the appropriate conservation status. However, it easily falls within the range of variability encompassed by P. martii in the Koolau Mountains to the west. island and all material from the Koolau range has lepidia completely covering the abaxial leaf blade surface (like the type) while no collections from Molokai have this character. The name P. gaudichaudii has been erroneously applied to material in cultivation of P. lowreyalla, which is from Molokai. The Waianae population may not have always been so isolated. Before the arrival of humans in Hawaii, moist forest covered the great, sweeping Leilehua plain, which extends westward from the Koolau range to connect with the Waianae range. Fossil evidence shows that Pritchardia once inhabited this intermountain plain, at least along its southern fringes. It is likely that the P. martii in the Koolau range extended throughout the moist forest of the Leilehua plain and even up into the Waianae range. As human activity and/or natural events destroyed the forest on the Leilehua plain, the Waianae population of P. martii was cut off and isolated from the Koolau populations. (iucn.org) |
Culture
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"Widely cultivated, P. martii requires light shade, or coastal full sun in the tropics and grows slowly in warm temperate regions. It is said that in temperate climates the palms grow, "but slowly and are not a long term survivor. The seeds can take"30 days or even up to 3-4 months to germinate. Growth is slow compared with species such as P. hillebrandii." (Chris King) "This is a wonderful loulu but not often available for the landscape. Loulu hiwa is slow growing, short stocky palms that are described as being "among the world's most beautiful small palms; it seems the essence of what a small palm should look like." They grow to a maximum height of 12 feet with a one foot trunk diameter. The attractive underside of the leaves and relatively small size make this a great choice for residential planting. ("An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms" by Robert Lee Riffle & Paul Crafts, page 421.) "Mealybugs and whiteflies underneath the leaves can present problems at times if not kept in check. A generous spray of water can wash them off." (Encyclopedia of Life curator Dr. David Eickhoff) "Apply a complete palm fertilizer with minor elements as directed on label. Be certain that sufficient magnesium and potassium is present in the fertilizer component. This is especially critical for loulus in pots. Magnesium and potassium deficiencies are two of the most serious nutritional disorders in palms. The deficiencies are characterized by bright yellowing (chlorotic) on leaf edges or streaking or the entire fronds yellowing. This can be difficult to reverse. Applications of Epsom salt, or magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), is good but does not last and is usually washed out of the soil in rainy periods. There are some very good slow release fertilizer spikes made for especially for palms on the market which contain a good balance of minor elements with magnesium and potassium. Potted or younger loulu planted in the ground appreciate a foliar feeding of kelp or fish emulsion and Epsom salt monthly or bi-monthly." (Encyclopedia of Life curator Dr. David Eickhoff) "Loulu hiwa do best with frequent waterings to keep them moist." (Encyclopedia of Life curator Dr. David Eickhoff) Pritchardia martii is an easy to grow palm but not often available for the landscape. Pritchardia martii vary in shape. Specimens raised in dry and/or infertile soils tend to be smaller in stature with smaller leaves. Light also affects the plant's form while those grown in full sun are more compact. This palm prefers a sunny, well drained, and moist location. Growth rate: It is a slow growing, short stocky palm. Soil: It likes organic soil, but is adaptable to clay and loam both slightly alkaline and acidic. Good drainage is also important. Fertilization: Need a perfect fertilizer diet including all micro nutrients and trace elements or slow release fertilizer. Micro-nutrient deficiencies are occasional problems. If it doesn't get enough Mn and Fe (Iron), the leaves take on a rather unhealthy yellow colour. Micro-nutrient deficiencies only show up on soil with a high pH. Fertilize often for faster growth. Water Requirements: Needs regular water, do not let dry out between waterings. however it does not want to sit in continually wet, mucky soil. The roots and lower trunk can rot if soil is kept too moist. Light: Prefers full sun but will tolerate half day sun. Hardiness: It is adapted to tropical and subtropical climates, young plants are more cold sensitive. Maintenance: Remove dead fronds and spent fruiting stalks for a clean landscape appearance. Fronds can be left on the palm to form a skirt for natural settings. Palms recycle nutrients from dead or dying fronds and use them for healthier fronds. Palms only have a set number of new leaves that can sprout and grow per year and removing fronds will not increase that number. If you cut off more than what will grow annually, you could be left with a pretty bare and bald palm. Pest & Disease: Mealybugs and whiteflies underneath the leaves can present problems at times if not kept in check. A generous spray of water can wash them off. Ornamental: It is cultivated as an ornamental tree, and planted in gardens and parks in tropical and sub-tropical climates either as a single specimen or in groups. Culture in containers is possible although growth rates are slower. A bright patio will provide an excellent environment for young specimens which can eventually be planted in a sunny location. (llifle.com) |
Comments and Curiosities
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Etymology: Pritchardia name is dedicated to William Thomas Pritchard (1829-1907), British official stationed in Fiji in the 19th Century, British counsul in Fiji, adventurer, and author of Polynesian Reminiscences in 1866. The specific epithet martii is apparently named for the German botanist and explorer Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868). Hawaiians call this tree Loulu hiwa (dark loulu). (Bill Chang) "This species has been given the specific name Loulu hiwa, "dark loulu." One Hawaiian dictionary notes that the word hiwa as a color being "Entirely black, ...a desirable blackness when contrasting with uli and ʻeleʻele, which have pejorative [derogatory] connotations." [6] It appears that when hiwa is used in connection with foods, it is an especially dark black color, such as ʻawa hiwa with very black canes--the darkest of all ʻawa; niu hiwa, a coconut brought in by Polynesians with dark green husk and black shell; and hiwa kai, a black lava salt. Perhaps the name loulu hiwa has reference to the large blackish fruits as well." (Encyclopedia of Life curator Dr. David Eickhoff) Phenology: Blooming Period; Spring and Winter. Flower Colors; Greenish-White, Yellow, flowers are small and yellowish, typical of Pritchardia. Singularly, the flowers are not impressive but has an nice display en masse. Bees and other insects in great numbers are attracted to the flowers. After flowering, large roundish to olive-shaped blackish fruits are produced in generous amounts. (Encyclopedia of Life curator Dr. David Eickhoff) Uses: The hard wood of the trunk of taller species of loulu were fashioned into spears by early Hawaiians. The fruits called hāwane or wāhane were peeled and eaten by early Hawaiians. They collected young fruits. The flavor of young fruit with the soft interior is similar to coconut. The trunks loulu were notched for climbing to gather the immature fruits and fronds. Older specimens still bear notches that can be seen today. The fronds, or leaves, called lau hāwane were used by the early Hawaiians for thatching and more recently as plaiting such as papale (hats) and fans. ("Loulu--The Hawaiian Pritchardia", The Palm Journal #193, page 12.) Loulu hiwa (Pritchardia martii) is the most variable of Pritchardia species and has been separated into several species in the past. However, a current revision of the genus now indicates that P. kahukuensis, formerly a synonym, is a distinct Oʻahu species from the northwestern end of the Koʻoau Mts., always having short hairs on fruit branchlets (rachillae) and smaller fruits than P. martii. ("Loulu--The Hawaiian Pritchardia", The Palm Journal #193, page 12.) "This palm is slow growing, short and stocky with a trunk that attains a height of 12 feet and a diameter of 1 foot (a dwarf). The leaf crown is open and nearly spherical because of the 3 to 4 foot long, stout, felt-covered petioles. The leaves are 3 to 4 feet wide, semicircular, broad and flat with shallow and broad, stiff segments. Leaf color is deep olive to nearly bluish green above but silvery bronze beneath because of a dense covering of felty scales. The fruit are small and ellipsoidal about 1 1/2 to 2 inches long by 1 to 1 1/2 inches wide narrowing at both ends. The flower stalk grows past the ends of the leaves. (Note the flower stalk in the photo above is shorter than the leaves; this specimen is not at the habitat elevation, though on the native island). Seedlings will tolerate sun from an early age and small plants are great candidates for container specimens." (Bill Chang) "Native to Oahu. Often a dwarf species, but some can grow as tall as 50'. Leaves very large (up to 4' in diameter), flat and divided 1/3-1/2 their length. Undersides are silver to bronze in color. Flowers are about the length of the petioles. Fruits are large and black and nearly spherical up to 2" in diameter. Several healthy, mature fruiting examples growing in the warmer areas of southern California. One of the most ornamental of all Pritchardia that can be grown in California." (Geoff Stein) Description: Pritchardia martii is a small sized to medium sized fan-palm that can be distinguished by its petioles with irregularly shaped, papery ligules or wings and silvery-bronze leaf undersides. After flowering, large roundish to olive-shaped blackish fruits (about the size of golf balls) are produced in generous amounts. This is among the world's most beautiful small palms; it seems the essence of what a small palm should look like. Taxonomic note Pritchardia martii is the most variable of Pritchardia species and has been separated into several species in the past. However mdern revisions of the genus now indicates that Pritchardia kahukuensis, formerly a synonym, is a distinct Oʻahu species from the northwestern end of the Koʻoau Mts. Pritchardia arecina is similar but differs in its petioles with an abundance fibres at the base. Trunk: Varies in size including plants that are 3 to 10 m in height and up to 30 cm thick. Crown: Canopy spread of about 2,5-3 m. Leaves: Palmate, 90-120 cm wide. Petioles 90-120 cm long with irregularly shaped, papery ligules or wings or only a few fibers proximally. Leaf blades slightly undulate to nearly flat, folded into stiff segments that are split at the tip and fused at the base, deep olive to nearly bluish-green above but completely covered beneath with lepidia and appearing silvery greyish white or sometimes silvery bronze. Inflorescences: Partially enclosed by a boat-shaped bract, composed of 1-4 panicles, shorter than petioles in flower and fruit to exceeding petioles or leaf blades in flower and greatly exceeding leaf blades in fruit, panicles branched to 2 orders. Rachillae glabrous or with felt-like indumentum. Flowers: Typical of Pritchardia, not showy, small, yellowish, hermaphroditic; that is, each flower produces both pollen and ovules. Singularly, the flowers are not impressive but has an nice display en masse. Bees and other insects in great numbers are attracted to the flowers. Blooming Period: Winter to spring. Fruits: Oval, narrowed towards the tip and the base 40-50 x 25-40 mm long. Notes: Scientific research indicates that Pritchardia species may historically have been much more dominant in the Hawaiian coastal and lowland forest vegetation. Pollen data from Laysan Island indicates that Pritchardia was common around 7,000 years ago with gradually decreasing abundance until the early 1900’s. Historical documents note document few Pritchardia surviving individuals in the early 1900’s but note a large number of felled Pritchardia. Possible causes for the reduction of Pritchardia in the Hawaiian vegetation include long-term climatic drying, cutting and burning of the trees by early voyagers, and the introduction of rats that limited Pritchardia regeneration by seed predation. (llifle.com) |
Hawaii. "Past the kahukuensis, we came across the other native loulu found on the trail, Pritchardia martii. There is an area where the 2 species of loulu are growing in close proximity of each other. After a while, you don’t see P. kahukuensis anymore, it’s all P. martii up to the summit." Photo by Sebastian Marquez, See link above entitled "Loulu of La’ie".
Hawaii. "Past the kahukuensis, we came across the other native loulu found on the trail, Pritchardia martii. There is an area where the 2 species of loulu are growing in close proximity of each other. After a while, you don’t see P. kahukuensis anymore, it’s all P. martii up to the summit." Photo by Sebastian Marquez, See link above entitled "Loulu of La’ie".
Hawaii. A real nice sight was all the loulus (Pritchardia martii). There were a few sprinkled hereand there in the leeward wet forest, but I was surprised at the amount at the top. There were a few clusters of palms in the area with a good amount each. I think a conservative estimate would be around 100 palms. Photo by Tarsier.
Hawaii. A real nice sight was all the loulus (Pritchardia martii). There were a few sprinkled hereand there in the leeward wet forest, but I was surprised at the amount at the top. There were a few clusters of palms in the area with a good amount each. I think a conservative estimate would be around 100 palms. Photo by Tarsier.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
"I spotted this Pritchardia in the median of a parking lot at Ventura College. The locator map has P. rockiana and P. kampuana amongst the palms listed as growing in this median. Both of those names are synonymous with P. martii. I took tons of pics because I was so smitten by this palm. I actually thought it was a Copernicia baileyana at first glance before walking up on it. Enjoy!" Photo by Matty Bradford.
External Links
- Glossary of Palm Terms
- MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN
- "Just To Be Clear"
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/13/the-island-of-oahu/
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/08/the-island-of-maui/
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/27/the-islands-of-niihau-and-nihoa/
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/06/the-island-of-hawaii/
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/21/the-island-of-kauai/
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/08/the-island-of-lanai/
- http://myloulu.wordpress.com/2010/09/08/island-of-molokai/
- http://hanapalms.wordpress.com/2010/07/
- http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/23
- http://studiamirabilium.com/2011/11/13/loulu-of-laie/
References
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.