Bactris setosa

Bactris (BAHK-triss) setosa (seh-TOHS-sah)
Habitat. Photo by Pierre-Olivier ALBANO.
Scientific Classification
Genus: Bactris (BAHK-triss) Species: setosa (seh-TOHS-sah)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
America
Morphology
Habit: Clustering & caespitose. Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
Brazil: mané véio, mané velho, tucum, tucum branco, tucum de brejo, Ticum, blueberry bush, ticum-brave, tucum-of-thorn, coco-de-tucum, grape-the-earth, coco-de-natal.

Habitat and Distribution

Atlantic coastal rain forest of Brazil and adjacent areas (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais,

Habitat. Photo-arvores.brasil.nom.br

Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo). Low, open, swampy areas, often occurring in standing water, at 50-300 m elevation. Occurs abundantly in salt marshes, found in smaller populations in other ecosystems, having been sighted at altitudes up to about 1000 m (Fernandes, 1995). " B. setosa develops best in flooded areas, where it produces denser clumps, stems with short internodes and leaf rachis with more narrow, long and dark yellowish spines. In more soil dry places usually has less massive clumps, with more elongated internodes, shorter leaves and leaf rachis with shorter thorns, extended, semi-flat and shiny dark color. Of all the species of the genus Bactris endemic rainforest, it shows wider overall distribution (Fernandes 1995 ). " (REIS, 2006). Pollination is done by insects, especially bees, the vinacea color when ripe fruits are very tasty and are highly sought after by birds and some mammals, which disperse the seeds.

Description

Stems cespitose, forming large clumps, 1.5-6 m tall, 3-4 cm in diam., densely spiny on internodes. Leaves 2-5 per crown; leaf spines scattered or tending to be clustered, somewhat flattened, brownish or yellowish and black at the base and apex, to 6 cm long, on sheath, lateral surfaces of petiole, and abaxial surface of rachis; sheath 20-30 cm long, fibrous on the margins, sheath, petiole, and rachis brown-tomentose; ocrea to 30 cm long; petiole 0.2-1.1 m long; rachis 0.7-1.5 m long; pinnae 30-57 per side, regularly arranged but with gaps, spreading in different planes, linear to linear-lanceolate, asymmetrically and briefly bifid subapically, spinulose along the margins; middle pinnae 30-60 x 2-3.7 (-4.5) cm. Inflorescences interfoliar; peduncle 13-33 cm long, recurved, not spiny; prophyll 10-22 cm long; peduncular bract 23-60 cm long, brown-tomentose, moderately covered with yellow to black spines to 1.1 cm long; rachis 9-20 cm long; rachillae 12-27, 4-14 cm long, at anthesis densely covered with moniliform trichomes; triads irregularly arranged among paired or solitary staminate flowers; staminate flowers 4.5-6 mm long; sepal lobes 1.5-2 mm long; petals 4.5-6 mm long; stamens 6; pistillode absent; pistillate flowers 5.5-6 mm long; calyx cupular, 1-2 mm long; corolla urceolate, 5-5.5 mm long; staminodes 6; fruits 1.5-2 cm in diam., depressed-globose, purple-black; mesocarp juicy; endocarp depressed-oblong, the sterile pores markedly displaced longitudinally to one end; endocarp fibers numerous, with juice sacs attached; fruiting perianth with 3-lobed calyx and longer, entire or irregularly split-margined corolla, without staminodial ring./Palmweb. Editing by edric.

Culture

Cold Hardiness Zone: 9b+